能否通过PowerShell获取/设置Win10/11系统声音音量或设备主音量？

架构老林

2026-8-24

用PowerShell获取/设置Windows设备主音量与系统声音音量

完全可以在Win10/Win11上用PowerShell实现这两个需求，以下是具体实现方案：

一、设备主音量（Master Volume）

获取当前主音量百分比

通过调用Windows Core Audio API实现，PowerShell代码如下：

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class AudioManager {
    [Guid("5CDF2C82-841E-4546-9722-0CF74078229A"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IAudioEndpointVolume {
        int NotImpl1();
        int NotImpl2();
        int GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(out float level);
        int SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(float level, Guid eventContext);
        int NotImpl3();
        int NotImpl4();
        int GetMute(out bool mute);
        int SetMute(bool mute, Guid eventContext);
    }

    [Guid("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IMMDevice {
        int Activate(ref Guid iid, int dwClsCtx, IntPtr pActivationParams, out IntPtr ppInterface);
    }

    [Guid("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IMMDeviceEnumerator {
        int NotImpl1();
        int GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(int dataFlow, int role, out IMMDevice ppDevice);
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")]
    private class MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject { }

    public static float GetMasterVolume() {
        IMMDeviceEnumerator enumerator = new MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject() as IMMDeviceEnumerator;
        IMMDevice device = null;
        enumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(0, 0, out device);

        Guid iid = typeof(IAudioEndpointVolume).GUID;
        IntPtr ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
        device.Activate(ref iid, 0x17, IntPtr.Zero, out ptr);

        IAudioEndpointVolume volume = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(ptr) as IAudioEndpointVolume;
        float level = 0;
        volume.GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(out level);
        Marshal.Release(ptr);
        return level * 100;
    }
}
'@

[AudioManager]::GetMasterVolume()

设置主音量（示例：设置为50%）

基于同样的API封装，代码如下：

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class AudioManager {
    [Guid("5CDF2C82-841E-4546-9722-0CF74078229A"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IAudioEndpointVolume {
        int NotImpl1();
        int NotImpl2();
        int GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(out float level);
        int SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(float level, Guid eventContext);
        int NotImpl3();
        int NotImpl4();
        int GetMute(out bool mute);
        int SetMute(bool mute, Guid eventContext);
    }

    [Guid("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IMMDevice {
        int Activate(ref Guid iid, int dwClsCtx, IntPtr pActivationParams, out IntPtr ppInterface);
    }

    [Guid("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IMMDeviceEnumerator {
        int NotImpl1();
        int GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(int dataFlow, int role, out IMMDevice ppDevice);
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")]
    private class MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject { }

    public static void SetMasterVolume(float level) {
        if (level < 0 || level > 100) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(level));
        IMMDeviceEnumerator enumerator = new MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject() as IMMDeviceEnumerator;
        IMMDevice device = null;
        enumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(0, 0, out device);

        Guid iid = typeof(IAudioEndpointVolume).GUID;
        IntPtr ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
        device.Activate(ref iid, 0x17, IntPtr.Zero, out ptr);

        IAudioEndpointVolume volume = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(ptr) as IAudioEndpointVolume;
        volume.SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(level / 100, Guid.Empty);
        Marshal.Release(ptr);
    }
}
'@

# 设置主音量为50%
[AudioManager]::SetMasterVolume(50)

二、系统声音音量（System Sounds）

系统声音属于独立的音频会话，需定位到该会话后调整：

获取系统声音当前音量百分比

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

[Guid("77AA99A0-1BD6-484F-8BC7-2C654C9A9B6F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionManager2 {
    int NotImpl1();
    int NotImpl2();
    int GetSessionEnumerator(out IntPtr sessionEnumerator);
}

[Guid("E2F5BB11-0570-40CA-ACDD-3AA01277DEE8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionEnumerator {
    int GetCount(out int count);
    int GetSession(int index, out IntPtr sessionControl);
}

[Guid("F4B1A599-7266-4319-A8CA-E70ACB11E8CD"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionControl2 {
    int NotImpl1();
    int NotImpl2();
    int GetDisplayName(out string displayName);
    int SetDisplayName(string displayName, Guid eventContext);
    int GetIconPath(out string iconPath);
    int SetIconPath(string iconPath, Guid eventContext);
    int GetGroupingParam(out Guid groupingParam);
    int SetGroupingParam(Guid groupingParam, Guid eventContext);
    int NotImpl3();
    int GetSessionIdentifier(out string sessionId);
    int GetSessionInstanceIdentifier(out string instanceId);
    int GetProcessId(out uint processId);
    int IsSystemSoundsSession();
    int SetDuckingPreference(bool optOut);
}

[Guid("87CE5498-68D6-44E5-9215-6DA47EF883D8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface ISimpleAudioVolume {
    int SetMasterVolume(float volume, Guid eventContext);
    int GetMasterVolume(out float volume);
    int SetMute(bool mute, Guid eventContext);
    int GetMute(out bool mute);
}

[ComImport, Guid("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")]
private class MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject { }

[Guid("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IMMDevice {
    int Activate(ref Guid iid, int dwClsCtx, IntPtr pActivationParams, out IntPtr ppInterface);
}

[Guid("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IMMDeviceEnumerator {
    int NotImpl1();
    int GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(int dataFlow, int role, out IMMDevice ppDevice);
}

public class SystemSoundVolume {
    public static float GetSystemSoundVolume() {
        IMMDeviceEnumerator enumerator = new MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject() as IMMDeviceEnumerator;
        IMMDevice device = null;
        enumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(0, 0, out device);

        Guid sessionManagerGuid = typeof(IAudioSessionManager2).GUID;
        IntPtr sessionManagerPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
        device.Activate(ref sessionManagerGuid, 0x17, IntPtr.Zero, out sessionManagerPtr);

        IAudioSessionManager2 sessionManager = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionManagerPtr) as IAudioSessionManager2;
        IntPtr sessionEnumeratorPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
        sessionManager.GetSessionEnumerator(out sessionEnumeratorPtr);

        IAudioSessionEnumerator sessionEnumerator = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionEnumeratorPtr) as IAudioSessionEnumerator;
        sessionEnumerator.GetCount(out int sessionCount);

        float systemVolume = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < sessionCount; i++) {
            IntPtr sessionControlPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
            sessionEnumerator.GetSession(i, out sessionControlPtr);

            IAudioSessionControl2 sessionControl2 = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionControlPtr) as IAudioSessionControl2;
            int isSystem = sessionControl2.IsSystemSoundsSession();
            if (isSystem == 0) {
                IntPtr simpleVolumePtr = IntPtr.Zero;
                Guid simpleVolumeGuid = typeof(ISimpleAudioVolume).GUID;
                Marshal.QueryInterface(sessionControlPtr, ref simpleVolumeGuid, out simpleVolumePtr);

                ISimpleAudioVolume simpleVolume = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(simpleVolumePtr) as ISimpleAudioVolume;
                simpleVolume.GetMasterVolume(out float volume);
                systemVolume = volume * 100;

                Marshal.Release(simpleVolumePtr);
            }
            Marshal.Release(sessionControlPtr);
        }

        Marshal.Release(sessionEnumeratorPtr);
        Marshal.Release(sessionManagerPtr);
        return systemVolume;
    }
}
'@

[SystemSoundVolume]::GetSystemSoundVolume()

设置系统声音音量（示例：设置为30%）

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

[Guid("77AA99A0-1BD6-484F-8BC7-2C654C9A9B6F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionManager2 {
    int NotImpl1();
    int NotImpl2();
    int GetSessionEnumerator(out IntPtr sessionEnumerator);
}

[Guid("E2F5BB11-0570-40CA-ACDD-3AA01277DEE8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionEnumerator {
    int GetCount(out int count);
    int GetSession(int index, out IntPtr sessionControl);
}

[Guid("F4B1A599-7266-4319-A8CA-E70ACB11E8CD"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IAudioSessionControl2 {
    int NotImpl1();
    int NotImpl2();
    int GetDisplayName(out string displayName);
    int SetDisplayName(string displayName, Guid eventContext);
    int GetIconPath(out string iconPath);
    int SetIconPath(string iconPath, Guid eventContext);
    int GetGroupingParam(out Guid groupingParam);
    int SetGroupingParam(Guid groupingParam, Guid eventContext);
    int NotImpl3();
    int GetSessionIdentifier(out string sessionId);
    int GetSessionInstanceIdentifier(out string instanceId);
    int GetProcessId(out uint processId);
    int IsSystemSoundsSession();
    int SetDuckingPreference(bool optOut);
}

[Guid("87CE5498-68D6-44E5-9215-6DA47EF883D8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface ISimpleAudioVolume {
    int SetMasterVolume(float volume, Guid eventContext);
    int GetMasterVolume(out float volume);
    int SetMute(bool mute, Guid eventContext);
    int GetMute(out bool mute);
}

[ComImport, Guid("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")]
private class MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject { }

[Guid("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IMMDevice {
    int Activate(ref Guid iid, int dwClsCtx, IntPtr pActivationParams, out IntPtr ppInterface);
}

[Guid("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IMMDeviceEnumerator {
    int NotImpl1();
    int GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(int dataFlow, int role, out IMMDevice ppDevice);
}

public class SystemSoundVolume {
    public static void SetSystemSoundVolume(float level) {
        if (level < 0 || level > 100) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(level));
        IMMDeviceEnumerator enumerator = new MMDeviceEnumeratorComObject() as IMMDeviceEnumerator;
        IMMDevice device = null;
        enumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(0, 0, out device);

        Guid sessionManagerGuid = typeof(IAudioSessionManager2).GUID;
        IntPtr sessionManagerPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
        device.Activate(ref sessionManagerGuid, 0x17, IntPtr.Zero, out sessionManagerPtr);

        IAudioSessionManager2 sessionManager = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionManagerPtr) as IAudioSessionManager2;
        IntPtr sessionEnumeratorPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
        sessionManager.GetSessionEnumerator(out sessionEnumeratorPtr);

        IAudioSessionEnumerator sessionEnumerator = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionEnumeratorPtr) as IAudioSessionEnumerator;
        sessionEnumerator.GetCount(out int sessionCount);

        for (int i = 0; i < sessionCount; i++) {
            IntPtr sessionControlPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
            sessionEnumerator.GetSession(i, out sessionControlPtr);

            IAudioSessionControl2 sessionControl2 = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(sessionControlPtr) as IAudioSessionControl2;
            int isSystem = sessionControl2.IsSystemSoundsSession();
            if (isSystem == 0) {
                IntPtr simpleVolumePtr = IntPtr.Zero;
                Guid simpleVolumeGuid = typeof(ISimpleAudioVolume).GUID;
                Marshal.QueryInterface(sessionControlPtr, ref simpleVolumeGuid, out simpleVolumePtr);

                ISimpleAudioVolume simpleVolume = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(simpleVolumePtr) as ISimpleAudioVolume;
                simpleVolume.SetMasterVolume(level / 100, Guid.Empty);

                Marshal.Release(simpleVolumePtr);
            }
            Marshal.Release(sessionControlPtr);
        }

        Marshal.Release(sessionEnumeratorPtr);
        Marshal.Release(sessionManagerPtr);
    }
}
'@

# 设置系统声音音量为30%
[SystemSoundVolume]::SetSystemSoundVolume(30)

说明

以上代码基于Windows Core Audio API实现，无需额外安装模块，原生PowerShell即可运行
代码中0x17是CLSCTX_ALL的常量值，用于COM对象激活
系统声音会话通过IsSystemSoundsSession()方法识别，返回0表示是目标会话

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bbb

能否通过PowerShell获取/设置Win10/11系统声音音量或设备主音量？

一、设备主音量（Master Volume） #

获取当前主音量百分比 #

设置主音量（示例：设置为50%） #

二、系统声音音量（System Sounds） #

获取系统声音当前音量百分比 #

设置系统声音音量（示例：设置为30%） #

说明 #