GitLab Runner Shell执行器报docker: command not found问题求助

使用GitLab Runner（Shell执行器）构建Docker容器时，出现docker: command not found错误。Runner已正确分配，问题集中在Docker相关配置上，主力开发已离职，请求解决建议。

构建输出 #

相关文件内容 #

.gitlab-ci.yml #

stages:
  - build
  - deploy

variables:
  STACK_NAME: isnta_api
  VERSION: ${CI_COMMIT_TAG}
  IMAGE_NAME: ${DOCKER_REGISTRY}/${CI_PROJECT_PATH}:${CI_COMMIT_TAG}

before_script:
  - echo $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD | docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER $CI_REGISTRY --password-stdin
  - echo $STACK_NAME
  - echo $CI_REGISTRY
  - echo $IMAGE_NAME

build:
  stage: build
  only:
    - tags
  script:
    - docker build -f Dockerfile -t ${IMAGE_NAME}  .
    - docker push ${IMAGE_NAME}

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  only:
    - tags
  script:
    - docker stack deploy --with-registry-auth --compose-file docker-compose.yml ${STACK_NAME}

docker-compose.yml #

version: '3.7'

services:
  app:
    container_name: ${STACK_NAME}
    image: ${IMAGE_NAME}
    environment:
      PORT: 4042
      APP_ENV: production
      INSTAGRAM_API_KEY: my-api-key
      INSTAGRAM_API_HOST_NAME: instagram-bulk-profile-scrapper.p.rapidapi.com
      INSTAGRAM_API_BASE_URL: https://instagram-bulk-profile-scrapper.p.rapidapi.com/clients/api/ig/
    networks:
      - nxnet
    ports:
      - 4042:4042
    deploy:
      replicas: 1
      update_config:
        order: start-first

networks:
  nxnet:
    external: true

Dockerfile #

FROM node:14-alpine

COPY . /app

WORKDIR /app
RUN apk add --no-cache bash
RUN npm install

RUN npm run build

CMD npm run start:prod

解决建议 #

• 检查Runner宿主机是否安装Docker
  登录GitLab Runner所在服务器，执行docker --version，如果无输出则说明未安装Docker。根据服务器系统安装Docker：

  • Ubuntu：sudo apt update && sudo apt install docker.io
  • CentOS：sudo yum install docker

• 赋予GitLab Runner用户Docker权限
  默认GitLab Runner运行用户为gitlab-runner，需将其加入docker组：

  sudo usermod -aG docker gitlab-runner
  sudo gitlab-runner restart
  

• 验证Docker服务状态
  检查Docker服务是否运行：

  sudo systemctl status docker
  

  若未运行，启动服务并设置开机自启：

  sudo systemctl start docker
  sudo systemctl enable docker
  

• 推荐切换为Docker执行器
  Shell执行器依赖宿主机环境，Docker执行器更隔离、稳定。重新注册Runner时选择Docker执行器，并指定基础镜像（如docker:latest），避免宿主机环境依赖问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Andronik Nazaryan