Laravel 8多提交按钮仅store生效，storeAns与storeTot无法存储数据求助

我在Laravel 8页面中设置了多个用于向数据库插入数据的提交按钮，对应控制器的store、storeAns、storeTot方法。目前仅store方法能正常存储数据，storeAns和storeTot无法完成数据存储，Laravel日志中无报错信息，但通过dd($request->all())可以看到请求数据。以下是我的代码示例：

控制器代码 #

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $days = $request->hari;
    $hours = $request->jam;
    $minutes = $request->menit;
    $model = new Q_Topic_User;
    $model->status = $request->status;
    $model->topic_id = $request->topic_id;
    $model->timer = Carbon::now()->addDays($days)->addHours($hours)->addMinute($minutes);
    $topik = $request->topic_id;
    $model->user_create = auth()->id();
    $model->save();
           
    return redirect('qanswers/'. $topik);
}

public function storeAns(Request $request)
{
    $modellama = Q_Answer::where('user_create', '=', $request->kode_user)
    ->Where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_id)
    ->Where('question_id', '=', $request->question_id);

    $a = $request->user_answer;
    $b = $request->answer;

    if ($a === $b){
        $nilai = "1";
    }
    else{
        $nilai = "0";
    }

    if ($modellama >= "1"){
        $modellama->delete();
    }

    $model = new Q_Answer;
    $model->topic_id = $request->topic_id;
    $model->question_id = $request->question_id;
    $model->user_answer = $request->user_answer;
    $model->answer = $request->answer;
    $model->hasil = $nilai;
    $model->user_create = auth()->id();
    $topik = $request->topic_id;
        
    $model->save();
            
    return redirect('qanswers/'. $topik);
}

public function storeTot(Request $request)
{
    $tot_nilai = Q_Answer::select(DB::raw("CAST(SUM(hasil) as int) as tot_nilai"))
    ->Where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_idi)
    ->Where('user_create', '=', auth()->id())
    ->pluck('tot_nilai');

    $tot_soal = Q_Question::select(DB::raw("CAST(COUNT(topic_id) as int) as tot_soal"))
    ->Where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_idi)
    ->pluck('tot_soal');

    dd($request->all());
    $model = new Q_Answer_Tot;
    $model->topic_id = $request->topic_idi;
    $model->totalsoal = $tot_soal;
    $model->totalnilai = $tot_nilai;
    $model->user_create = auth()->id();
    
    $model->save();
    $topik = $request->topic_id;
            
    return redirect('qanswers/'. $topik);
}

Blade视图代码 #

<form method="POST" action="{{ url('qanswers') }}" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    @csrf
    @foreach ($datas as $d_value)
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm bg-success">Kirim data</button>
    @endforeach
</form>

<form method="POST" action="{{ url('qanswers.storeAns') }}" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    @csrf
    @foreach ($questionss as $q_value)
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm bg-success">Kirim Pilihan Pertanyaan</button>
    @endforeach
</form>

<form method="POST" action="{{ url('qanswers.storeTot') }}" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    @csrf
    @foreach ($questionss as $t_value)
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm bg-success">Kirim Pilihan Peserta</button>
    @endforeach
</form>

路由代码（web.php） #

Route::resource('/qanswers', Q_AnswersController::class);
Route::post('/storeAns',[Q_AnswersController::class, 'storeAns'])->name('storeAns');
Route::post('/storeTot',[Q_AnswersController::class, 'storeTot'])->name('storeTot');

问题排查与修复 #

1. 视图表单Action路径错误 #

视图中storeAns和storeTot对应的表单action使用了错误的生成方式：

{{ url('qanswers.storeAns') }}
{{ url('qanswers.storeTot') }}

url()方法会将传入的字符串直接拼接成URL，导致实际请求路径为/qanswers.storeAns，无法匹配到路由中定义的storeAns和storeTot路由。

修复方案：使用路由名称生成正确的action路径，路由已通过->name()命名，改为：

<form method="POST" action="{{ route('storeAns') }}" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<form method="POST" action="{{ route('storeTot') }}" enctype="multipart/form-data">

2. storeAns方法中查询判断逻辑错误 #

$modellama是Eloquent查询构造器实例，直接和字符串"1"比较没有意义，无法判断是否存在匹配数据：

if ($modellama >= "1"){
    $modellama->delete();
}

修复方案：使用exists()方法判断是否存在匹配记录：

$modellama = Q_Answer::where('user_create', '=', $request->kode_user)
    ->where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_id)
    ->where('question_id', '=', $request->question_id);

if ($modellama->exists()) {
    $modellama->delete();
}

3. storeTot方法中未执行save操作 #

storeTot方法里$model->save()之前有dd($request->all());，该方法会中断程序执行，导致后续的保存和跳转代码永远不会运行。

修复方案：移除或注释掉该dd()语句，让代码执行到保存逻辑。

4. storeTot方法中数据获取与跳转参数错误 #

• pluck('tot_nilai')返回的是Collection集合，不是单个数值，直接赋值给模型字段会导致存储错误，应改用value()获取单个值：

  $tot_nilai = Q_Answer::select(DB::raw("CAST(SUM(hasil) as int) as tot_nilai"))
      ->where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_idi)
      ->where('user_create', '=', auth()->id())
      ->value('tot_nilai');
  
  $tot_soal = Q_Question::select(DB::raw("CAST(COUNT(topic_id) as int) as tot_soal"))
      ->where('topic_id', '=', $request->topic_idi)
      ->value('tot_soal');
  

• 跳转使用的$topik = $request->topic_id;，但请求参数是topic_idi，会导致跳转路径错误，改为：

  $topik = $request->topic_idi;
  return redirect('qanswers/'. $topik);
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者indahwati indahwati