Tkinter记事本保存文件报错：'Button' object is not callable 求助

在开发Tkinter记事本应用时，点击Save按钮调用savefile函数时触发以下错误：

TypeError: 'Button' object is not callable

完整应用代码：

import re
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import time
from turtle import bgcolor
import webbrowser
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import filedialog

root = Tk()
root.title('Notepad')
root.iconbitmap('C:/Users/Hero/Documents/Visual Studio code/My project/notes.ico')
root.geometry("640x500")

root.tk.call("source", "C:/Users/Hero/Documents/Visual Studio code/My project/azure.tcl")
root.tk.call("set_theme", "dark")

global x
x = 20

def change_theme():
    if root.tk.call("ttk::style", "theme", "use") == "azure-dark":
        root.tk.call("set_theme", "light")
    else:
        root.tk.call("set_theme", "dark")

def increase_font_size():
    global x
    global f
    x = x + 1
    print(x)
    text.config(font=(f, x))
    
def decrease_font_size():
    global x
    global f
    x = x - 1
    print(x)
    text.config(font=(f, x))

def pfonts():
    font_page = Tk()
    font_page.title('Fonts')
    font_page.geometry('295x200')
    font_page.configure(bg='#292929')

    font_page.tk.call("source", "C:/Users/Hero/Documents/Visual Studio code/My project/azure.tcl")
    font_page.tk.call("set_theme", "dark")

    global f

    fentry1 = ttk.Entry(font_page, width=80)
    fentry1.pack()
    label1 = Label(font_page, text='Enter the font name you want', font=("Tekton Pro", 17), bg='#292929')
    label2 = Label(font_page, text='warning: caps lock sensitive', font=("Tekton Pro", 8), bg='#292929')

    label1.pack()
    label2.pack(side=BOTTOM)

    def change_font():
        global f

        f = fentry1.get()
        text.config(font=(f, x))

        print(f)

    bbfont = ttk.Button(font_page, text='Confirm font', command=change_font)
    bbfont.pack(side=BOTTOM)

def killer():
    print("killing the instence")
    root.destroy()

def savefile():

    global filename

    filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(initialdir='/', title='Save File', filetypes=(('Text Files', '*.txt'), ('All Files', '*.*')))
    textContent = text.get("1.0",END)
    textContent = str(textContent)
    myfile = open(filename, "w+")
    myfile.write(textContent)

style=ttk.Style()
style.theme_use('azure-dark')
style.configure("Vertical.TScrollbar", background="grey", bordercolor="black", arrowcolor="white")

barframe = Frame()
barframe.pack(side=BOTTOM)

bfonts = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Fonts', style='Accent.TButton', command=pfonts)

open = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Open', style='Accent.TButton')

save = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Save', style='Accent.TButton', command=savefile)

close = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Close', style='Accent.TButton', command=killer)

#fonts = ttk.Entry(barframe, width=10)
calculater = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Calculater', width=10, style='Accent.TButton')

calander = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Calander', width=10, style='Accent.TButton')

increase_size = ttk.Button(barframe, text='+', width=2, command=increase_font_size)

decrease_size = ttk.Button(barframe, text='-', width=2, command=decrease_font_size)

bfonts.grid(row=0, column=0)

open.grid(row=0, column=1)

save.grid(row=0, column=2)

close.grid(row=0, column=3)

#fonts.grid(row=0, column=1)
calculater.grid(row=0, column=4)

calander.grid(row=0, column=5)

increase_size.grid(row=0, column=6)

decrease_size.grid(row=0, column=7)

scroll = ttk.Scrollbar(root, orient='vertical')
scroll.pack(side=RIGHT, fill='y')

text=Text(root, font=("Georgia", x), yscrollcommand=scroll.set, bg='#292929', height=1, width=1)
scroll.config(command=text.yview)
text.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

root.mainloop()

报错堆栈信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Hero\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1921, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "c:\Users\Hero\Documents\Visual Studio code\My project\MainFrame.py", line 82, in savefile
    myfile = open(filename, "w+")
TypeError: 'Button' object is not callable

解决方案 #

错误原因 #

代码存在变量名冲突：你将Python内置的文件打开函数open()，覆盖成了一个Button对象——定义Open按钮时使用了open作为变量名：

open = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Open', style='Accent.TButton')

当savefile函数调用open(filename, "w+")时，Python会认为你要调用这个Button对象，而非内置的文件操作函数，因此抛出'Button' object is not callable错误。

修复步骤 #

将Open按钮的变量名改为非内置函数名（比如open_btn），并同步修改后续的布局代码：

1. 修改Button定义：

open_btn = ttk.Button(barframe, text='Open', style='Accent.TButton')

2. 修改grid布局代码：

open_btn.grid(row=0, column=1)

额外优化建议 #

保存文件时添加用户取消操作的判断，避免空路径报错，同时使用with语句自动管理文件资源：

def savefile():
    filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(initialdir='/', title='Save File', filetypes=(('Text Files', '*.txt'), ('All Files', '*.*')))
    if filename:  # 检查用户是否选择了文件
        textContent = text.get("1.0", END)
        with open(filename, "w+") as myfile:  # 自动关闭文件
            myfile.write(textContent)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Real Swat