求助：pkgdown GitHub Action构建XML 3.99-0.3包失败

问题现象 #

构建过程中出现核心错误：

✖ Failed to build XML 3.99-0.3
  
  Error: Error: <callr_remote_error: Failed to build source package 'XML'>

同时伴随编译层面的具体报错：

OE> DocParse.c: In function ‘RS_XML_ParseTree’:
  OE> DocParse.c:165:7: error: ‘PROBLEM’ undeclared (first use in this function)
  OE>   165 |       PROBLEM "Can't find file %s", CHAR_DEREF(STRING_ELT(fileName, 0))
  OE>       |       ^~~~~~~
  OE> DocParse.c:165:7: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
  OE> DocParse.c:165:14: error: expected ‘;’ before string constant
  OE>   165 |       PROBLEM "Can't find file %s", CHAR_DEREF(STRING_ELT(fileName, 0))
  OE>       |              ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  OE>       |              ;
  OE> DocParse.c:229:14: error: expected ‘;’ before string constant
  OE>   229 |       PROBLEM "error in creating parser for %s", name
  OE>       |              ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  OE>       |              ;

可行解决办法 #

• 升级XML包版本：XML 3.99-0.3属于测试版本，存在编译兼容性缺陷，直接指定安装稳定版（如3.99-0.14及以上）。可在项目DESCRIPTION文件中修改依赖版本，或在GitHub Action脚本中强制安装：

  install.packages("XML", version = "3.99-0.14")
  

• 使用预编译二进制包：Ubuntu环境默认会从源码编译，强制切换为二进制包可规避编译错误：

  options(pkgType = "binary")
  install.packages("XML")
  

• 补全系统依赖：若必须源码编译，先在GitHub Action步骤中安装libxml2开发库：

  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libxml2-dev
  

• 切换R版本：部分旧版R与XML测试版兼容性差，尝试用R 4.2及以上版本运行GitHub Action。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Harrison Tietze