如何在xaringan中运行tikz绘图？报错问题求助

问题成因 #

你遇到的两个问题：代码直接显示在幻灯片、报错Error in if (to_svg) tinytex::latexmk(texf, "latex") else tinytex::latexmk(texf) : argument is of length zero，主要源于：

1. tikz代码块缺少必要参数，导致knitr未正确编译代码，直接输出原内容
2. LaTeX环境缺失tikz相关依赖组件，或TinyTeX配置异常

解决步骤 #

1. 安装依赖包与LaTeX组件 #

在R控制台执行以下命令，确保所需工具安装完整：

install.packages(c("knitr", "tikzDevice"))
tinytex::tlmgr_install(c("tikz", "pgf", "xcolor"))

若未安装TinyTeX，先运行tinytex::install_tinytex()完成基础安装。

2. 修正tikz代码块参数 #

原代码块仅指定了engine='tikz'，需补充参数让knitr正确编译并隐藏代码：
将代码块开头修改为：

```{r, engine='tikz', echo=FALSE, fig.align='center'}

• echo=FALSE: 禁止在幻灯片中显示tikz代码
• engine='tikz': 指定用tikz引擎编译图形代码
• fig.align='center': 让生成的图形居中显示（可选，按需添加）

3. 确认tikz代码转义正确性 #

在Rmarkdown代码块中，tikz命令前的反斜杠需用双反斜杠\\转义，你的原代码这部分是正确的，无需修改。

修正后的完整代码 #

---
title: "Econ"
subtitle: "Lecture 1"
author: "Instructor"
institute: "College"
date: "`r Sys.Date()`"
output: 
  xaringan::moon_reader:
    css: [default, metropolis, metropolis-fonts, "styles.css"]
    lib_dir: libs
    nature:
      highlightStyle: arta
      highlightLines: true
      countIncrementalSlides: false
    
---

```{r, engine='tikz', echo=FALSE, fig.align='center'}

\\tikzset{every picture/.style={line width=0.75pt}} %set default line width to 0.75pt        

\\begin{tikzpicture}[x=0.75pt,y=0.75pt,yscale=-1,xscale=1]
%uncomment if require: \\path (0,379); %set diagram left start at 0, and has height of 379

%Rounded Rect [id:dp1857476422681199] 
\\draw  [fill={rgb, 255:red, 241; green, 192; blue, 192 }  ,fill opacity=1 ] (228,123) .. controls (228,114.16) and (235.16,107) .. (244,107) -- (343,107) .. controls (351.84,107) and (359,114.16) .. (359,123) -- (359,171) .. controls (359,179.84) and (351.84,187) .. (343,187) -- (244,187) .. controls (235.16,187) and (228,179.84) .. (228,171) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Rectangle [id:dp08440493370073976] 
\\draw  [fill={rgb, 255:red, 226; green, 233; blue, 201 }  ,fill opacity=1 ] (415,115) -- (525,115) -- (525,179) -- (415,179) -- cycle ;
%Rounded Single Corner Rect [id:dp01343887372328001] 
\\draw  [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ,fill opacity=0.05 ] (64,129.52) .. controls (64,122.27) and (69.87,116.4) .. (77.12,116.4) -- (170,116.4) -- (170,182) -- (64,182) -- cycle ;
%Straight Lines [id:da9440635149995973] 
\\draw    (171,144) -- (218,144) ;
\\draw [shift={(221,144)}, rotate = 180] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle    ;
%Straight Lines [id:da7316344569835018] 
\\draw    (361,145) -- (405,145) ;
\\draw [shift={(408,145)}, rotate = 180] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle    ;
%Curve Lines [id:da512763546270846] 
\\draw    (415,179) .. controls (380.35,241.37) and (217.31,242.97) .. (171.36,183.81) ;
\\draw [shift={(170,182)}, rotate = 54.2] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle    ;
\\draw   (280.56,238.98) -- (311.32,217.88)(282.27,217.6) -- (309.61,239.25) ;

% Text Node
\\draw (420,125) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt]   [align=left] {{{\fontfamily{ptm}\selectfont \textit{\textbf{y} }}}\{{\fontfamily{ptm}\selectfont \textit{variables}}}};
% Text Node
\\draw (75,129) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt]   [align=left] {{{\fontfamily{ptm}\selectfont \textit{\textbf{x}}}}\{{\fontfamily{ptm}\selectfont \textit{variables}}}};
% Text Node
\\draw (271,138.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt]    {$function$};


\\end{tikzpicture}

## 额外排查步骤
若仍报错，可尝试：
- 重启R会话后重新编译幻灯片
- 运行`tinytex::tlmgr_update()`更新LaTeX组件
- 检查`styles.css`文件是否存在，若不存在可移除该CSS配置项

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jck21