AWS ECS中Nginx+PHP容器静态文件404问题求助

问题场景 #

在AWS ECS中采用Nginx和PHP分离容器部署，需要让PHP容器提供特定静态文件（如/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css），但访问这类文件时返回404状态码，且响应Content-Type为text/html; charset=UTF-8。

当前Nginx配置 #

load_module modules/ngx_http_perl_module.so;
env PHP_SERVICE;
http {
    perl_set $php_service 'sub { return $ENV{"PHP_SERVICE"}; }';
    resolver 169.254.169.253;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    gzip on;
    server {
      index index.php index.html index.htm;
      listen 80;
      listen [::]:80;
      root /var/www/html/web;
      charset utf-8;

      location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
      }

      location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass ${php_service}:9000;
        include fastcgi.conf;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
      }

      location ~* \.(css|js|gif|ico|jpeg|jpg|png)$ {
       try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string;
       include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
       expires max;
       log_not_found off;
      }
    }
}

问题细节 #

• 访问示例URL返回404：

  https://xxxxxxx.xxxxxxxxx.xx/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css?ver=1
  Request Method: GET
  Status Code: 404
  

• 文件存在于PHP容器，但不存在于Nginx容器：
  • Nginx容器内执行结果：

    /var/www/html/web # cat web/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css
    cat: can't open 'web/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css': No such file or directory
    

  • PHP容器内执行结果：

    /var/www/html # cat web/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css
    .wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal{border:1px solid transparent;padding:7px;clear:both}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal>ul{padding:0;margin:0 !important;list-style-type:none}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal .wpml-ls-item{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;display:inline-block}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal a{display:block;text-decoration:none;padding:5px 10px 6px;line-height:1}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal a span{vertical-align:middle}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal a span.wpml-ls-bracket{vertical-align:unset}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal .wpml-ls-flag{display:inline;vertical-align:middle}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal .wpml-ls-flag+span{margin-left:.4em}.rtl .wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal .wpml-ls-flag+span{margin-left:0;margin-right:.4em}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal.wpml-ls-statics-footer{margin-bottom:30px}.wpml-ls-legacy-list-horizontal.wpml-ls-statics-footer>ul{text-align:center}
    

• PHP容器日志显示对应请求返回404：

  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:55 +0000 "GET /index.php" 200
  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:57 +0000 "GET /index.php" 404
  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:57 +0000 "GET /index.php" 404
  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:57 +0000 "GET /index.php" 404
  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:57 +0000 "GET /index.php" 404
  10.80.18.143 -  10/Aug/2022:11:00:59 +0000 "GET /index.php" 404
  

问题分析与解决方案 #

核心问题 #

Nginx找不到本地静态文件时，会将请求转发到/index.php，但PHP入口脚本无法解析这类静态文件路径，导致返回404；同时因为响应由PHP生成，Content-Type被错误设置为text/html，而非对应静态文件的类型。

解决步骤 #

1. 添加针对性Nginx转发规则
   针对存放在PHP容器的静态文件路径，添加优先匹配的location规则，跳过本地文件检查，直接转发到PHP服务并传递真实文件路径：

   # 匹配需要PHP提供的静态文件路径，需放在通用静态文件规则之前
   location ~ ^/app/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/.*\.(css|js)$ {
       fastcgi_pass ${php_service}:9000;
       # 传递真实请求路径给PHP，确保能找到对应文件
       fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$uri;
       include fastcgi_params;
       # 自动设置正确的Content-Type
       include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
       add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
   }
   

2. 验证路径一致性
   确认Nginx的root配置（/var/www/html/web）与PHP容器内文件的根路径匹配，当前PHP容器中文件路径/var/www/html/web/app/plugins/...符合要求，无需调整。

3. 可选：共享静态文件目录
   若此类静态文件数量较多，可通过AWS EFS或容器卷将PHP容器的静态文件目录共享给Nginx容器，避免请求转发到PHP，提升服务性能。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Georgios