Discord机器人ClientOSError求助：定时任务触发对等方连接重置

问题描述 #

开发的Discord机器人用于统计用户语音频道时长、消息发送量，生成周/月排行榜并以图片形式推送。通过client.loop.create_task启动month_vipe和week_vipe两个定时任务时，先运行的任务会触发错误：

aiohttp.client_exceptions.ClientOSError: [Errno 104] Discord bot connection reset due to peer error

完整代码 #

import asyncio
import discord
from discord.ext import commands
import json
import time
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageDraw
from PIL import ImageFont

client = commands.Bot(command_prefix='+', intents = discord.Intents(messages = True, guild_messages = True, members = True, guilds = True, voice_states = True))

myFont = ImageFont.truetype('minecraft.ttf', 39)

ever = {}
week = {}
month = {}
active = {}
issent = 0
@client.event
async def on_ready():
  global ever
  global week
  global month
  print("Ready")
  for guild in client.guilds:
      for member in guild.members:
        ever[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
        week[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
        month[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
  
  client.loop.create_task(month_vipe())
  client.loop.create_task(week_vipe())
            

@client.event
async def on_member_join(member):
    ever[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
    week[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
    month[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}

@client.event
async def on_message(ctx):
  ever[ctx.author.id]["text"] = ever[ctx.author.id]["text"] + 1
  week[ctx.author.id]["text"] = week[ctx.author.id]["text"] + 1
  month[ctx.author.id]["text"] = month[ctx.author.id]["text"] + 1

@client.event
async def on_voice_state_update(member, before, after):
  global ever
  global week
  global month
  user = member.id
  if before.channel is None and after.channel is not None:
    print(f"{user} joined")
    active[user] = time.time()

  if after.channel is None and before.channel is not None:
    
    print(f"{user} left")
    ever[user]["voice"] += time.time() - active[user]
    week[user]["voice"] += time.time() - active[user]
    month[user]["voice"] += time.time() - active[user]


async def week_vipe():
  global week
  while True:
    reyt = {}
    print('week vipr func')
    for guild in client.guilds:
      for member in guild.members:
        voice = round(week[member.id]["voice"] / 120)
        reyt[member.id] = week[member.id]["text"] + voice
    sorted_reyt = {k: b for k, b in sorted(reyt.items(), key=lambda element: element[1], reverse=True)}
    my_image = Image.open("maket.png")
    image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
    text = f"недiльний рейтинг"
    image_editable.text((230,131), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
    my_image.save("result.png")
    for i in range(3):
      keys_list = list(sorted_reyt)
      username = client.get_user(keys_list[i])
      reyting = sorted_reyt[keys_list[i]]
      if i+1 == 1:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,211), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
      if i+1 == 2:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,429), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
      if i+1 == 3:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,647), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
    chat = client.get_channel(1005796493757780019)
    await chat.send(file=discord.File('result.png'))
    print('week reyt sent')
    for guild in client.guilds:
      for member in guild.members:
        week[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
    await asyncio.sleep(60)#604800


async def month_vipe():
  global month
  global issent
  while True:
    reyt = {}
    print('month vipr func')
    for guild in client.guilds:
      for member in guild.members:
        voice = round(month[member.id]["voice"] / 120)
        reyt[member.id] = month[member.id]["text"] + voice
    sorted_reyt = {k: b for k, b in sorted(reyt.items(), key=lambda element: element[1], reverse=True)}
    my_image = Image.open("maket.png")
    image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
    text = f"місячний рейтинг"
    image_editable.text((230,131), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
    my_image.save("result.png")
    for i in range(3):
      keys_list = list(sorted_reyt)
      username = client.get_user(keys_list[i])
      reyting = sorted_reyt[keys_list[i]]
      if i+1 == 1:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,211), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
      if i+1 == 2:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,429), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
      if i+1 == 3:
        my_image = Image.open("result.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        text = f"{i+1}. {username}"
        image_editable.text((620,647), text, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        my_image.save("result.png")
    chat = client.get_channel(1005796493757780019)
    print('sending month reyt')
    await chat.send(file=discord.File('result.png'))
    print('month reyt sent')
    issent = 1
    for guild in client.guilds:
      for member in guild.members:
        month[member.id] = {"voice": 0, "text": 0}
    await asyncio.sleep(240)#2592000

问题根源 #

1. 文件资源竞争：两个定时任务同时读写result.png文件，当第一个任务未完成写入时，第二个任务尝试打开同一文件，引发IO冲突，进而导致Discord发送文件时出现网络异常。
2. 阻塞事件循环：PIL图片处理是同步阻塞操作，长时间占用事件循环会导致Discord网关连接超时，被服务器主动重置。
3. 全局变量无保护：多任务并发读写week、month等全局字典，可能导致数据不一致，间接引发后续逻辑错误。

修复方案 #

1. 避免文件资源竞争 #

给每个任务生成独立的文件，或用异步互斥锁确保同一时间只有一个任务操作文件：

from asyncio import Lock

file_lock = Lock()

# 在week_vipe中
async with file_lock:
    my_image.save("result_week.png")
    await chat.send(file=discord.File("result_week.png"))

# 在month_vipe中
async with file_lock:
    my_image.save("result_month.png")
    await chat.send(file=discord.File("result_month.png"))

2. 异步化阻塞操作 #

将PIL图片处理放到线程池执行，避免阻塞事件循环：

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

executor = ThreadPoolExecutor()

async def generate_ranking_image(title, sorted_reyt):
    def _generate():
        my_image = Image.open("maket.png")
        image_editable = ImageDraw.Draw(my_image)
        image_editable.text((230,131), title, (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        for i in range(3):
            keys_list = list(sorted_reyt)
            username = client.get_user(keys_list[i])
            y_pos = 211 + i * 218
            image_editable.text((620, y_pos), f"{i+1}. {username}", (125, 95, 53), font=myFont)
        filename = f"result_{title.replace(' ', '_')}.png"
        my_image.save(filename)
        return filename
    return await client.loop.run_in_executor(executor, _generate)

3. 保护全局变量 #

用异步锁保护全局字典的读写操作：

week_lock = Lock()
month_lock = Lock()

# 在on_message中
async with week_lock:
    week[ctx.author.id]["text"] += 1
async with month_lock:
    month[ctx.author.id]["text"] += 1

# 在on_voice_state_update中
async with week_lock:
    week[user]["voice"] += time.time() - active[user]
async with month_lock:
    month[user]["voice"] += time.time() - active[user]

4. 延迟启动定时任务 #

确保机器人完全就绪后再启动任务，避免过早触发导致客户端未初始化完成：

@client.event
async def on_ready():
    # ... 原有初始化代码
    await asyncio.sleep(5)  # 延迟5秒确保连接稳定
    client.loop.create_task(month_vipe())
    client.loop.create_task(week_vipe())

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Wolky