ESLint无法识别Jest全局变量问题求助

环境信息 #

• ESLint版本：8.21.0
• Jest版本：27.0.6
• 相关依赖包：

"eslint": "^8.21.0",
"eslint-config-semistandard": "^17.0.0",
"eslint-config-standard": "^17.0.0",
"eslint-plugin-import": "^2.26.0",
"eslint-plugin-jest": "^26.7.0",
"eslint-plugin-n": "^15.2.4",
"eslint-plugin-promise": "^6.0.0"

问题现象 #

ESLint本身运行正常，但describe、it等Jest全局方法被标记为未定义错误。此前使用Airbnb相关插件配置时无此问题，当前ESLint配置如下：

{
  "extends": [
    "eslint:recommended",
    "semistandard",
    "plugin:jest/recommended"
  ],
  "env": {
    "es6": true,
    "jest/globals": true,
    "mocha": true
  },
  "globals": {
    "Atomics": "readonly",
    "SharedArrayBuffer": "readonly"
  },
  "parserOptions": {
    "ecmaVersion": 2020
  },
  "plugins": ["jest"],
  "rules": {
    "n/no-path-concat": "off",
    "no-console": "warn",
    "jest/no-disabled-tests": "warn",
    "jest/no-focused-tests": "error",
    "jest/no-identical-title": "error"
  }
}

已尝试的无效操作 #

• 在env中添加"plugins": ["jest"]和"jest/globals": true
• 仅配置"extends": ["plugin:jest/recommended"]

解决方案 #

核心问题 #

你同时启用了mocha环境和jest环境，两者的全局变量定义冲突，导致ESLint无法正确识别Jest的全局方法。此外，plugin:jest/recommended已经内置了jest/globals的配置，无需在env中重复声明。

修改后的配置 #

{
  "extends": [
    "eslint:recommended",
    "semistandard",
    "plugin:jest/recommended"
  ],
  "env": {
    "es6": true
    // 移除mocha环境，消除与jest的全局变量冲突
  },
  "globals": {
    "Atomics": "readonly",
    "SharedArrayBuffer": "readonly"
  },
  "parserOptions": {
    "ecmaVersion": 2020
  },
  "plugins": ["jest"],
  "rules": {
    "n/no-path-concat": "off",
    "no-console": "warn",
    "jest/no-disabled-tests": "warn",
    "jest/no-focused-tests": "error",
    "jest/no-identical-title": "error"
  }
}

额外注意事项 #

如果你的测试文件命名不符合默认规则（比如不是.test.js或.spec.js结尾），需要在配置中添加settings指定测试文件匹配模式：

"settings": {
  "jest": {
    "testMatch": ["**/__tests__/**/*.js", "**/?(*.)+(spec|test).js"]
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者pmiranda