使用RBF神经网络代码时遇模型加载与保存错误的求助

我在本地运行一个RBF神经网络代码，为适配本地环境修改了导入语句：

• 原导入：
  • from keras.engine.topology import Layer
  • from tensorflow.keras.models import load_model
• 修改后：
  • from tensorflow.python.keras.layers import Layer
  • from tensorflow.python.keras.models import load_model

错误1：加载模型时触发OSError #

运行以下代码段：

# model already saved in file
from tensorflow.python.keras.models import load_model

newmodel1= load_model("Zoghbio.h5",
                          custom_objects={'RBFLayer': RBFLayer})
print("OK")

报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\pc\Desktop\Ali\RBFNetworks\RBF_neural_network_python-master\RBF_neuralNetwork .py", line 214, in <module>
    newmodel1= load_model("Zoghbio.h5",
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\saving\save.py", line 206, in load_model
    return saved_model_load.load(filepath, compile, options)
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\saving\saved_model\load.py", line 122, in load
    meta_graph_def = loader_impl.parse_saved_model(path).meta_graphs[0]
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\saved_model\loader_impl.py", line 115, in parse_saved_model
    raise IOError(
OSError: SavedModel file does not exist at: Zoghbio.h5\{saved_model.pbtxt|saved_model.pb}

错误2：保存模型时触发NotImplementedError #

更新后尝试保存模型时，出现新错误：

Save model to file C:/Users/pc/Desktop/RBFNetworks/RBF_neural_network_python-master/my_file.h5 ... Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\pc\Desktop\RBFNetworks\RBF_neural_network_python-master\RBF_neuralNetwork .py", line 214, in <module>
    model.save(z_model)
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\keras\utils\traceback_utils.py", line 67, in error_handler
    raise e.with_traceback(filtered_tb) from None
  File "C:\Users\pc\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 745, in get_config
    raise NotImplementedError(textwrap.dedent(f"""
NotImplementedError: 
Layer ModuleWrapper has arguments ['self', 'module', 'method_name']
in `__init__` and therefore must override `get_config()`.

Example:

class CustomLayer(keras.layers.Layer):
    def __init__(self, arg1, arg2):
        super().__init__()
        self.arg1 = arg1
        self.arg2 = arg2

    def get_config(self):
        config = super().get_config()
        config.update({
            "arg1": self.arg1,
            "arg2": self.arg2,
        })
        return config

1. 处理加载模型的OSError #

• 检查文件路径：确认Zoghbio.h5存在于代码运行的当前目录，或改用绝对路径加载：

  newmodel1 = load_model("C:/Users/pc/Desktop/Ali/RBFNetworks/RBF_neural_network_python-master/Zoghbio.h5", custom_objects={'RBFLayer': RBFLayer})
  

• 确认模型格式：如果模型是旧版Keras保存的.h5格式（非SavedModel），可尝试添加参数强制识别格式：

  newmodel1 = load_model("Zoghbio.h5", custom_objects={'RBFLayer': RBFLayer}, save_format='h5')
  

2. 处理保存模型的NotImplementedError #

错误核心是自定义ModuleWrapper层未实现get_config()方法，导致无法序列化保存。需修改该类添加对应方法：

class ModuleWrapper(Layer):
    def __init__(self, module, method_name, **kwargs):
        self.module = module
        self.method_name = method_name
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
    
    # 保留原有call等方法
    
    def get_config(self):
        config = super().get_config()
        config.update({
            'module': self.module,
            'method_name': self.method_name
        })
        return config

同时，确保自定义的RBFLayer也实现get_config()方法（否则后续加载模型仍会报错），示例如下：

class RBFLayer(Layer):
    def __init__(self, num_outputs, **kwargs):
        self.num_outputs = num_outputs
        # 其他初始化逻辑
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
    
    # 保留原有build、call等方法
    
    def get_config(self):
        config = super().get_config()
        config.update({
            'num_outputs': self.num_outputs
            # 添加RBFLayer的其他关键参数
        })
        return config

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者lena