如何重启已关闭的Chromium？树莓派场景下后台自动重启实现

Hey there! Let's tackle your two Chromium-related questions for your Raspberry Pi setup with Openbox:

Restarting a closed Chromium instance is straightforward, depending on how you want to do it:

• Manual Terminal Restart: Open a terminal and run the base command for Chromium. If you want it to launch in fullscreen (matching your auto-start setup), add the --start-fullscreen flag:

  chromium-browser --start-fullscreen
  

  Note: If your Pi uses chromium instead of chromium-browser, swap the command accordingly.
• Openbox GUI Restart: Press Alt+F2 to open the run dialog, type the command above, and hit Enter. If you've configured Openbox's right-click menu, you might also find Chromium listed under the "Internet" section.

This is totally achievable with scripts or systemd. Let's break it down by scenario:

Handling Closed Chromium (Process Terminated) #

Option 1: Simple Bash Loop Script #

This script checks at regular intervals if Chromium is running, and restarts it if it's not:

1. Create a script file (e.g., ~/chromium_keeper.sh):

   #!/bin/bash
   CHROMIUM_CMD="chromium-browser --start-fullscreen"
   CHROMIUM_PROCESS="chromium-browser"
   
   while true; do
       # Check if Chromium process exists
       if ! pgrep -x "$CHROMIUM_PROCESS" > /dev/null; then
           echo "Chromium closed, restarting..."
           $CHROMIUM_CMD &
       fi
       # Wait 5 seconds before next check (adjust as needed)
       sleep 5
   done
   

2. Make it executable:

   chmod +x ~/chromium_keeper.sh
   

3. Add it to Openbox's autostart to run on boot:
   Edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart and add this line at the end:

   bash ~/chromium_keeper.sh &
   

Option 2: Systemd Service (More Reliable) #

Systemd is built for keeping processes running automatically, even after reboots:

1. Create a systemd service file:

   sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/chromium.service
   

2. Paste this content (adjust User if your username isn't pi):

   [Unit]
   Description=Persistent Chromium Instance
   After=graphical.target
   
   [Service]
   User=pi
   ExecStart=/usr/bin/chromium-browser --start-fullscreen
   Restart=always  # Restart on any exit
   RestartSec=5    # Wait 5 seconds before restarting
   Environment=DISPLAY=:0  # Target the main display
   
   [Install]
   WantedBy=graphical.target
   

3. Enable and start the service:

   sudo systemctl enable chromium.service
   sudo systemctl start chromium.service
   

Handling Minimized Chromium #

To detect minimized windows, we'll use wmctrl (a window management tool):

1. First install wmctrl:

   sudo apt update && sudo apt install wmctrl
   

2. Create an enhanced monitoring script (e.g., ~/chromium_monitor.sh):

   #!/bin/bash
   CHROMIUM_CMD="chromium-browser --start-fullscreen"
   CHROMIUM_PROCESS="chromium-browser"
   # Verify the window class with `wmctrl -lx` if this doesn't work
   CHROMIUM_CLASS="chromium-browser.Chromium"
   
   while true; do
       if pgrep -x "$CHROMIUM_PROCESS" > /dev/null; then
           # Get the Chromium window ID
           WINDOW_ID=$(wmctrl -lx | grep "$CHROMIUM_CLASS" | awk '{print $1}')
           if [ -n "$WINDOW_ID" ]; then
               # Check if window is minimized (state code 1 = hidden)
               WINDOW_STATE=$(wmctrl -lG | grep "$WINDOW_ID" | awk '{print $5}')
               if [ "$WINDOW_STATE" -eq 1 ]; then
                   echo "Chromium minimized, restoring it..."
                   # Option 1: Restore the window without restarting
                   wmctrl -i -r "$WINDOW_ID" -b remove,hidden
                   # Option 2: Restart Chromium (uncomment below if preferred)
                   # pkill "$CHROMIUM_PROCESS"
                   # $CHROMIUM_CMD &
               fi
           fi
       else
           echo "Chromium closed, restarting..."
           $CHROMIUM_CMD &
       fi
       sleep 3  # Check every 3 seconds
   done
   

3. Make it executable and add to Openbox autostart:

   chmod +x ~/chromium_monitor.sh
   

   Add this line to ~/.config/openbox/autostart:

   bash ~/chromium_monitor.sh &
   

Quick Notes: #

• If chromium-browser doesn't work, replace it with chromium (check with which chromium).
• Run wmctrl -lx while Chromium is open to confirm the exact window class if the script doesn't detect minimized windows.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者danfs