如何在GitLab中创建无SNAPSHOT的Maven项目手动部署流水线？

一、更新.gitlab-ci.yml配置 #

调整流水线阶段，新增手动触发的版本准备任务，并优化现有部署任务的触发规则：

stages:
  - test
  - release-prepare  # 新增手动版本准备阶段
  - publish
  - deploy
  - manual

# Test all commits regardless of branch in a WildFly 10 instance
test:wf10:
  stage: test
  script:
    - mvn clean test -U -Dprofile.wildfly10 -Dwildfly10.servergroup=masterdata-web
  tags:
    - test

# 手动触发版本准备：生成无SNAPSHOT的Release Tag并推送
release-prepare:wf10:
  stage: release-prepare
  script:
    # 校验发布版本号不能包含SNAPSHOT
    - if echo "$RELEASE_VERSION" | grep -q "SNAPSHOT"; then echo "错误：发布版本号禁止包含SNAPSHOT"; exit 1; fi
    # 执行Maven Release准备，指定发布版本和下一个开发版本
    - mvn release:prepare -Darguments=-Dprofile.wildfly10 -DignoreSnapshots=true -DreleaseVersion=$RELEASE_VERSION -DdevelopmentVersion=$NEXT_DEVELOPMENT_VERSION
    # 清理Release临时文件
    - mvn release:clean
    # 推送Tag和分支变更到GitLab
    - git push --follow-tags
  tags:
    - test
  when: manual
  variables:
    RELEASE_VERSION: ""  # 需手动输入：无SNAPSHOT的发布版本（如v-1.0.0）
    NEXT_DEVELOPMENT_VERSION: ""  # 需手动输入：下一个开发版本（允许带SNAPSHOT，如1.0.1-SNAPSHOT）

# Publish tagged release to Artifactory (WildFly 10)
publish-release:wf10:
  stage: publish
  only:
    - /^v-.*$/
  script:
    - mvn clean deploy -B -U -P wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true
  tags:
    - test

# Manually deploy any build to WildFly 10 servergroup Masterdata-web
deploy-test:wf10:
  stage: manual
  environment:
    name: test
  script:
    - mvn clean package wildfly:undeploy wildfly:deploy -B -U -P wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dwildfly10.servergroup=masterdata-web 
  tags:
    - test
  when: manual

# Manually deploy tagged release to WildFly 10 servergroup Masterdata-web
deploy-qa:wf10:
  stage: manual
  environment:
    name: qa
  script:
    - mvn clean package wildfly:undeploy wildfly:deploy -B -U -P wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dwildfly10.servergroup=masterdata-web 
  tags:
    - qa
  when: manual

# Automatically deploy build staged for release to WildFly 10 servergroup Masterdata-web
deploy-release-qa:wf10:
  stage: deploy
  environment:
    name: qa
  only:
    - master
  except:
    - /^v-.*$/
  script:
    - mvn clean package wildfly:undeploy wildfly:deploy -B -U -P wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dwildfly10.servergroup=masterdata-web 
  tags:
    - qa
  when: manual

# Automaticaly deploy tagged release to WildFly 10 servergroup Masterdata-web
deploy-release-prod:wf10:
  stage: deploy
  environment:
    name: prod
  only:
    - /^v-.*$/
  script:
    - mvn clean package wildfly:undeploy wildfly:deploy -B -U -P wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dwildfly10.servergroup=terp
  tags:
    - prod

# Manually generate project report for WildFly 10, report is stored for 2 weeks
generate-report:wf10:
  stage: manual
  script:
    - mvn clean test site:site -B -U -P wildfly10
    - mv target/site ./
  artifacts:
    name: report-wf10
    expire_in: 2 weeks
    paths:
    - site
  tags:
    - test
  when: manual

# Manual deploy tagged release to WildFly 10 servergroup servicedesk in PROD
deploy-prod:wf10:
  stage: deploy
  environment:
    name: prod
  only:
    - /^v-.*$/  # 开启Tag触发校验
  script:
    - mvn clean package -B -U wildfly:undeploy wildfly:deploy -Dprofile.wildfly10 -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Dwildfly10.servergroup=terp
  tags:
    - prod
  when: manual 

二、手动触发流水线操作步骤 #

• 进入GitLab项目的CI/CD > 流水线页面，点击运行流水线
• 在变量输入区域填写两个必填值：
  • RELEASE_VERSION：无SNAPSHOT的发布版本号（需匹配现有Tag规则，例如v-1.0.0）
  • NEXT_DEVELOPMENT_VERSION：下一个开发阶段的版本号（允许带SNAPSHOT，例如1.0.1-SNAPSHOT）
• 选择要触发的分支（通常选master分支），点击运行
• 流水线会自动完成版本准备、Tag推送，后续自动触发对应环境的发布和部署任务

三、核心逻辑说明 #

• 版本号校验：脚本内置SNAPSHOT检查，确保发布版本不会带快照标识
• 自动触发后续流程：推送Tag后，GitLab会自动触发publish-release:wf10和对应环境的部署任务
• 完全手动可控：版本准备阶段为手动触发，避免误操作导致的非预期发布

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者fatherazrael