导入LayoutLMv2ForTokenClassification遇模块缺失错误求助

我正在Colab中运行LayoutLMv2的演示笔记本，执行导入语句：

from transformers import LayoutLMv2ForTokenClassification

时出现如下PyTorch错误：

ModuleNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last)
~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\transformers\utils\import_utils.py in _get_module(self, module_name)
1029 try:
-> 1030 return importlib.import_module("." + module_name, self.name)
1031 except Exception as e:

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_init_.py in import_module(name, package)
126 level += 1
--> 127 return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
128

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in _gcd_import(name, package, level)

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in find_and_load(name, import)

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in find_and_load_unlocked(name, import)

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in _load_unlocked(spec)

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap_external.py in exec_module(self, module)

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in _call_with_frames_removed(f, *args, **kwds)

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\transformers\models\layoutlmv2\modeling_layoutlmv2.py in
48 import detectron2
---> 49 from detectron2.modeling import META_ARCH_REGISTRY
50

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling_init_.py in
19 )
---> 20 from .meta_arch import (
21 META_ARCH_REGISTRY,

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\meta_arch_init_.py in
5
----> 6 from .panoptic_fpn import PanopticFPN
7

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\meta_arch\panoptic_fpn.py in
13 from .build import META_ARCH_REGISTRY
---> 14 from .rcnn import GeneralizedRCNN
15 from .semantic_seg import build_sem_seg_head

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\meta_arch\rcnn.py in
17 from ..proposal_generator import build_proposal_generator
---> 18 from ..roi_heads import build_roi_heads
19 from .build import META_ARCH_REGISTRY

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\roi_heads_init_.py in
14 )
---> 15 from .roi_heads import (
16 ROI_HEADS_REGISTRY,

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\roi_heads\roi_heads.py in
16 from ..matcher import Matcher
---> 17 from ..poolers import ROIPooler
18 from ..proposal_generator.proposal_utils import add_ground_truth_to_proposals

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\modeling\poolers.py in
9 from detectron2.structures import Boxes
---> 10 from detectron2.utils.tracing import assert_fx_safe
11

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\detectron2\utils\tracing.py in
3 import torch
----> 4 from torch.fx._symbolic_trace import _orig_module_call
5 from torch.fx._symbolic_trace import is_fx_tracing as is_fx_tracing_current

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'torch.fx._symbolic_trace'

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

RuntimeError Traceback (most recent call last)
in
4 device_ids = [0,1]
5
----> 6 from transformers import LayoutLMv2ForTokenClassification, TrainingArguments, Trainer
7 from datasets import load_metric
8 import numpy as np

~\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib_bootstrap.py in handle_fromlist(module, fromlist, import, recursive)

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\transformers\utils\import_utils.py in getattr(self, name)
1019 elif name in self._class_to_module.keys():
1020 module = self._get_module(self._class_to_module[name])
-> 1021 value = getattr(module, name)
1022 else:
1023 raise AttributeError(f"module {self.name} has no attribute {name}")

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\transformers\utils\import_utils.py in getattr(self, name)
1018 value = self._get_module(name)
1019 elif name in self._class_to_module.keys():
-> 1020 module = self._get_module(self._class_to_module[name])
1021 value = getattr(module, name)
1022 else:

~\PycharmProjects\playground\camelot\camelotenv\lib\site-packages\transformers\utils\import_utils.py in _get_module(self, module_name)
1030 return importlib.import_module("." + module_name, self.name)
1031 except Exception as e:
-> 1032 raise RuntimeError(
1033 f"Failed to import {self.name}.{module_name} because of the following error (look up to see its"
1034 f" traceback):\n{e}"

RuntimeError: Failed to import transformers.models.layoutlmv2.modeling_layoutlmv2 because of the following error (look up to see its traceback):
No module named 'torch.fx._symbolic_trace'

错误根源是PyTorch版本过低，torch.fx._symbolic_trace模块仅在PyTorch 1.8及以上版本中存在。

解决步骤：

• 在Colab中执行命令升级PyTorch到兼容版本：

!pip install --upgrade torch torchvision torchaudio

• 重启Colab运行时（操作路径：Runtime -> Restart runtime）
• 重新运行导入代码

也可以指定具体兼容版本，比如：

!pip install torch==1.13.1 torchvision==0.14.1 torchaudio==0.13.1

若升级后仍有问题，需检查detectron2版本与当前PyTorch是否适配，可重新安装兼容版本：

!pip install detectron2 -f https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/detectron2/wheels/cu113/torch1.13/index.html

注意：链接中的cu113和torch1.13需根据实际CUDA和PyTorch版本调整

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者natt010