首次部署Django到Heroku遇msilib缺失的ModuleNotFoundError求助

首次将Django项目部署到Heroku后，访问时触发ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'msilib'错误。查询得知该模块已被弃用，尝试用pycopy-msilib解决，但不知道如何创建setup.py。

错误回溯信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 167, in _get_response
    callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs = self.resolve_request(request)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 290, in resolve_request
    resolver_match = resolver.resolve(request.path_info)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 556, in resolve
    for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 598, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 591, in urlconf_module
    return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
    <source code not available>
  File "/app/mysite/urls.py", line 22, in <module>
    path('', include('core.urls')),
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
    urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
    <source code not available>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
    <source code not available>
  File "/app/core/urls.py", line 10, in <module>
    from .views.managment_view import ManagmentPageView, UpdateCallItem, UpdateCallist,UpdateCashbal
  File "/app/core/views/managment_view.py", line 15, in <module>
    from core.serialize import CallListSerializer
  File "/app/core/serialize.py", line 3, in <module>
    from msilib.schema import Class

Exception Type: ModuleNotFoundError at /
Exception Value: No module named 'msilib'

项目requirements.txt内容 #

APScheduler==3.8.1
arabic-reshaper==2.1.3
asgiref==3.4.1
asn1crypto==1.5.1
Brotli==1.0.9
certifi==2022.5.18.1
cffi==1.15.0
charset-normalizer==2.0.12
click==8.1.3
colorama==0.4.4
cryptography==37.0.2
cssselect2==0.6.0
defusedxml==0.7.1
diff-match-patch==20200713
dj-database-url==1.0.0
Django==3.2.9
django-appconf==1.0.5
django-compressor==4.0
django-easy-pdf3==0.1.4
django-heroku==0.3.1
django-import-export==2.6.1
django-wkhtmltopdf==3.4.0
djangorestframework==3.12.4
djangorestframework-datatables==0.7.0
et-xmlfile==1.1.0
fonttools==4.33.3
future==0.18.2
html5lib==1.1
idna==3.3
lxml==4.9.0
MarkupPy==1.14
numpy==1.22.3
odfpy==1.4.1
openpyxl==3.0.9
oscrypto==1.3.0
pandas==1.4.2
Pillow==9.1.1
psycopg2==2.9.3
pycparser==2.21
pydyf==0.2.0
pyHanko==0.13.1
pyhanko-certvalidator==0.19.5
PyPDF3==1.0.6
pyphen==0.12.0
python-bidi==0.4.2
python-dateutil==2.8.2
pytz==2021.3
pytz-deprecation-shim==0.1.0.post0
PyYAML==6.0
qrcode==7.3.1
rcssmin==1.1.0
reportlab==3.6.10
requests==2.28.0
rjsmin==1.2.0
six==1.16.0
sqlparse==0.4.2
svglib==1.3.0
tablib==3.1.0
tinycss2==1.1.1
tqdm==4.64.0
tzdata==2021.5
tzlocal==4.1
uritools==4.0.0
urllib3==1.26.9
weasyprint==55.0
webencodings==0.5.1
whitenoise==6.2.0
xhtml2pdf==0.2.7
xlrd==2.0.1
xlwt==1.3.0
zopfli==0.2.1

解决步骤 #

方案1：替换msilib依赖（推荐） #

msilib是Windows专属模块，Heroku基于Linux环境，本身不提供该模块。处理方式如下：

1. 打开core/serialize.py，查看from msilib.schema import Class的用途：
   • 如果只是用来定义简单类结构，直接手动编写等价的Python类替代，完全移除msilib依赖。
   • 如果是处理Windows安装包相关逻辑，且Linux环境下不需要该功能，用平台判断包裹代码：

     import sys
     if sys.platform == 'win32':
         from msilib.schema import Class
     else:
         # 定义替代类或留空，根据实际需求调整
         class Class:
             pass
     

方案2：使用pycopy-msilib（仅当必须保留依赖时） #

若一定要保留msilib相关逻辑，无需手动编写setup.py，直接修改requirements.txt：

1. 在requirements.txt末尾添加一行：pycopy-msilib==0.0.1
2. 重新部署：git add requirements.txt && git commit -m "Add pycopy-msilib" && git push heroku main

注意：pycopy-msilib是为微型Python实现设计的，与标准msilib行为可能存在差异，容易引发其他问题，优先选择方案1。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Peter Johnson