React Native调用Android原生库模块构建失败，求解决方法

问题描述 #

我在React Native项目中引入Android Library Module并添加依赖后，项目构建失败，请教如何正确调用该库模块。

相关代码 #

项目依赖配置（app/build.gradle） #

dependencies {
    . . .
    implementation project(path: ':TestLibrary')
    . . . .
}

React Native原生模块类 #

package com.my_native_class;

public class MyNativeClass extends ReactContextBaseJavaModule {
    public MyNativeClass(ReactApplicationContext reactContext) {
        super(reactContext);
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "MyNativeClass";
    }

    @ReactMethod(isBlockingSynchronousMethod = true)
    public Integer myNativeMethod() {
        return new TestLibClass().testLibClassMethod();
    }
}  

库模块中的类（TestLibrary模块内） #

package com.testlibrary;

public class TestLibClass {
    public Integer testLibClassMethod() {
        return 123;
    }
}

构建错误日志 #

执行npx react-native run-android时的报错：

BUILD FAILED in 36s

error Failed to install the app. Make sure you have the Android development environment set up: https://reactnative.dev/docs/environment-setup.
Error: Command failed: ./gradlew app:installDebug -PreactNativeDevServerPort=8081

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:checkDebugAarMetadata'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckAarMetadataWorkAction
   > One or more issues found when checking AAR metadata values:
     
     Dependency 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat-resources:1.5.0' requires 'compileSdkVersion' to be set to 32 or higher.
     Compilation target for module ':app' is 'android-31'
     
     Dependency 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.5.0' requires 'compileSdkVersion' to be set to 32 or higher.
     Compilation target for module ':app' is 'android-31'
     
     Dependency 'androidx.emoji2:emoji2-views-helper:1.2.0' requires 'compileSdkVersion' to be set to 32 or higher.
     Compilation target for module ':app' is 'android-31'
     
     Dependency 'androidx.emoji2:emoji2:1.2.0' requires 'compileSdkVersion' to be set to 32 or higher.
     Compilation target for module ':app' is 'android-31'

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 36s

    at makeError (/home/MyAwesomeApp/node_modules/execa/index.js:174:9)
    at /home/MyAwesomeApp/node_modules/execa/index.js:278:16
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:95:5)
    at async runOnAllDevices (/home/MyAwesomeApp/node_modules/@react-native-community/cli-platform-android/build/commands/runAndroid/runOnAllDevices.js:109:5)
    at async Command.handleAction (/home/MyAwesomeApp/node_modules/@react-native-community/cli/build/index.js:192:9)
info Run CLI with --verbose flag for more details.

解决方案 #

1. 统一Compile SDK版本 #

错误核心是主App模块的compileSdkVersion为31，但引入的TestLibrary依赖了需要SDK 32+的AndroidX库。修改项目根目录下的android/build.gradle，将compileSdkVersion升级到32或更高：

buildscript {
    ext {
        buildToolsVersion = "33.0.0"
        minSdkVersion = 21
        compileSdkVersion = 32 // 改为32或更高版本
        targetSdkVersion = 33
        // 其他配置保留
    }
    // 其余代码不变
}

2. 同步库模块版本（可选） #

打开TestLibrary/build.gradle，确保其compileSdkVersion引用根项目的统一配置，避免版本不一致：

android {
    compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion
    // 其余配置不变
}

3. 清理缓存并重新构建 #

执行以下命令清理缓存后重新构建：

./gradlew clean
npx react-native run-android

4. JS层调用验证 #

构建成功后，在React Native的JS代码中可以这样调用原生模块：

import { NativeModules } from 'react-native';
const { MyNativeClass } = NativeModules;

// 调用同步方法
const nativeResult = MyNativeClass.myNativeMethod();
console.log('原生方法返回值:', nativeResult); // 输出123

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Program-Me-Rev