Mac M2 Monterey环境下Django项目安装psycopg2报错解决

近期迁移至Mac M2 Monterey系统，搭建Django项目开发环境时，安装psycopg2遇到报错，核心问题是找不到pg_config可执行文件，尝试安装旧版本也失败，具体报错信息如下：

Using cached psycopg2-2.8.5.tar.gz (380 kB)
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
 command: /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.9/bin/python3.9 -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = "'"'/private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-install-9wiqe2nr/psycopg2_97efcf6747c249769acdc8430ba4238f/setup.py'"'"; __file__="'"'/private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-install-9wiqe2nr/psycopg2_97efcf6747c249769acdc8430ba4238f/setup.py'"'";f=getattr(tokenize, "'"'open'"'", open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace("'"'\r\n'"'", "'"'\n'"'");f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, "'"'exec'"'"))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r
     cwd: /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-install-9wiqe2nr/psycopg2_97efcf6747c249769acdc8430ba4238f/
Complete output (23 lines):
running egg_info
creating /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r/psycopg2.egg-info
writing /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r/psycopg2.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r/psycopg2.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to /private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r/psycopg2.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing manifest file '/private/var/folders/m5/vhnyyjg16gd352x6wdhpjysh0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-ap2am61r/psycopg2.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

Error: pg_config executable not found.

pg_config is required to build psycopg2 from source.  Please add the directory
containing pg_config to the $PATH or specify the full executable path with the
option:

    python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

or with the pg_config option in 'setup.cfg'.

If you prefer to avoid building psycopg2 from source, please install the PyPI
'psycopg2-binary' package instead.

For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
<https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html>).
==============================================================================
Its beginning of the error, After that its tried to install each previous version of Psycopg 
==============================================================================

有效解决方法 #

• 方法一：安装PostgreSQL（推荐）
  通过Homebrew安装PostgreSQL，它会自动附带pg_config：

  brew install postgresql
  

  安装完成后重启终端，再执行pip install psycopg2即可完成安装。

• 方法二：指定pg_config路径（已安装PostgreSQL但路径未配置）
  先定位pg_config的位置，M2芯片下Homebrew安装的路径通常为/opt/homebrew/bin/pg_config，然后执行：

  pip install psycopg2 --global-option=build_ext --global-option="--pg-config=/opt/homebrew/bin/pg_config"
  

• 方法三：安装预编译二进制包（无需源码编译）
  若不想编译源码，直接安装预编译的psycopg2-binary包：

  pip install psycopg2-binary
  

  注意：该包更适合开发环境，生产环境建议使用标准的psycopg2包。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sujant