Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS安装Django依赖时mysqlclient==2.0.3报错求助

问题场景 #

在Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS系统上克隆Django项目，当前Python版本为3.8.10、Django版本为2.2，执行pip install -r requirements.txt安装依赖包时，安装mysqlclient==2.0.3出现错误，核心提示为mysql_config not found（MySQL数据库服务运行正常）。

错误信息如下：

Collecting mysqlclient==2.0.3
  Using cached mysqlclient-2.0.3.tar.gz (88 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [16 lines of output]
      /bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
      /bin/sh: 1: mariadb_config: not found
      /bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "/tmp/pip-install-490urkf8/mysqlclient_91ecf52f39004862be75d78177e00bdb/setup.py", line 15, in <module>
          metadata, options = get_config()
        File "/tmp/pip-install-490urkf8/mysqlclient_91ecf52f39004862be75d78177e00bdb/setup_posix.py", line 70, in get_config
          libs = mysql_config("libs")
        File "/tmp/pip-install-490urkf8/mysqlclient_91ecf52f39004862be75d78177e00bdb/setup_posix.py", line 31, in mysql_config
          raise OSError("{} not found".format(_mysql_config_path))
      OSError: mysql_config not found
      mysql_config --version
      mariadb_config --version
      mysql_config --libs
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

解决方案 #

mysql_config是MySQL/MariaDB开发包提供的工具，mysqlclient作为C扩展库，安装时需要依赖对应的开发文件和编译工具，执行以下步骤解决：

1. 安装基础编译依赖

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential

2. 安装MySQL/MariaDB开发库

• 若使用官方MySQL版本：

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

• 若使用系统默认的MariaDB：

sudo apt-get install libmariadb-dev

3. 重新执行依赖安装

pip install -r requirements.txt

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Karishma Upadhyay