Ubuntu 20.04服务器安装PHP rar扩展报错求助

问题详情 #

在Ubuntu 20.04服务器上执行sudo pecl -v install rar安装PHP RAR插件时，出现编译错误，相关信息如下：

系统内存信息 #

root@root:/# free -m
               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            2000         870         113          36        1016         821
Swap:              0           0           0

当前PHP版本 #

root@root:/# php -v
PHP 8.0.22 (cli) (built: Aug 15 2022 09:40:14) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.0.22, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v8.0.22, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

错误日志 #

/tmp/pear/temp/rar/rar_stream.c: In function ‘_rar_get_archive_and_fragment’:
/tmp/pear/temp/rar/rar_stream.c:787:66: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘zend_resolve_path’ from incompatible pointer type [-Wincompatible-pointer-types]
  787 |                         zend_string *arc_str = zend_resolve_path(tmp_archive, tmp_arch_len);
      |                                                                  ^~~~~~~~~~~
      |                                                                  |
      |                                                                  char *
/tmp/pear/temp/rar/rar_stream.c:787:66: note: expected ‘zend_string *’ {aka ‘struct _zend_string *’} but argument is of type ‘char *’
/tmp/pear/temp/rar/rar_stream.c:787:48: error: too many arguments to function ‘zend_resolve_path’
  787 |                         zend_string *arc_str = zend_resolve_path(tmp_archive, tmp_arch_len);
      |                                                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
make: *** [Makefile:215: rar_stream.lo] Error 1
rolling back 454 file operations
ERROR: `make' failed

解决步骤 #

该错误是因为PECL仓库中的RAR扩展版本未适配PHP 8.x的API变更（zend_resolve_path函数参数和调用方式改变），直接安装官方源码仓库的修复版本即可：

1. 安装编译依赖

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y libzip-dev unrar-free php8.0-dev build-essential git

2. 克隆适配PHP 8的RAR扩展源码

git clone https://github.com/php/pecl-php-rar.git
cd pecl-php-rar

3. 编译并安装扩展

phpize
./configure
make
sudo make install

4. 启用扩展
   编辑对应PHP版本的php.ini文件（CLI版路径通常为/etc/php/8.0/cli/php.ini，Web服务版如Apache为/etc/php/8.0/apache2/php.ini），添加以下内容：

extension=rar.so

5. 验证安装结果
   执行以下命令，若输出rar则说明安装成功：

php -m | grep rar

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Metehan Kıran