无法获取pyodbc驱动版本，启动Django应用遇ODBC驱动错误求助

Hey there! Let's work through your two issues one by one to get you sorted out:

First off, the pyodbc.drivers() function only returns the names of installed ODBC drivers, not their version numbers. To find the version of your drivers, you can use these methods depending on your OS:

Windows #

• Open the ODBC Data Source Administrator by running odbcad32.exe (search for it in the Start menu or Run dialog). Switch to the Drivers tab, and you'll see the version listed next to each installed driver.
• Use PowerShell to query the registry directly:

  # For 64-bit drivers
  Get-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server' | Select-Object Version
  
  # For 32-bit drivers on a 64-bit system
  Get-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server' | Select-Object Version
  

Linux/macOS #

• Run odbcinst -j to see where your ODBC configuration files are stored, then check the driver entries in odbcinst.ini for version info.
• Alternatively, use odbcinst -q -d to list installed drivers, then check the version of the driver's shared library (e.g., for ODBC Driver 17, look at /opt/microsoft/msodbcsql17/lib64/libmsodbcsql-17.*.so).

The error django.db.utils.InterfaceError: ('IM002', '[IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified...') happens because Django is trying to use a driver that either isn't installed on your system, or isn't detectable by pyodbc. Here's how to fix this:

1. Verify the installed driver matches your Django config
   Your pyodbc.drivers() output only shows ['SQL Server'], which is the legacy ODBC driver name. But your Django config specifies 'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server'—this driver isn't present on your system.

   • Install the correct driver: Download and install the Microsoft ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server (make sure to pick the version matching your OS and Python's bitness: 64-bit Python needs 64-bit drivers, 32-bit Python needs 32-bit drivers).
   • Recheck driver list: After installation, re-run pyodbc.drivers()—you should now see 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server' in the output.

2. Fix your Django database configuration
   If you install the driver and it shows up in pyodbc.drivers(), keep your OPTIONS['driver'] set to 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server'. If you can't install the newer driver for some reason, update the driver name to match what pyodbc.drivers() returns:

   'OPTIONS': {
       'driver': 'SQL Server',  # Match the name from pyodbc.drivers()
       'timeout': 1000,
   }
   

3. Test the connection outside Django first
   To rule out Django-specific issues, create a simple test script to connect directly with pyodbc:

   import pyodbc
   try:
       conn = pyodbc.connect(
           "DRIVER={ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server};"
           "SERVER=xx.xx.xx.xx;"  # Add port if needed, e.g., "xx.xx.xx.xx,1433"
           "DATABASE=dbname;"
           "UID=user;"
           "PWD=pass"
       )
       cursor = conn.cursor()
       cursor.execute("SELECT @@VERSION")
       print("Connection successful! SQL Server version:", cursor.fetchone()[0])
       conn.close()
   except Exception as e:
       print("Connection failed:", str(e))
   

   If this script fails, the problem is with your driver installation or connection details (double-check server IP, port, credentials, and database name). If it works, then the issue is likely in your Django settings—verify all parameters match the test script exactly.

4. Check port and server accessibility
   Make sure your SQL Server instance is listening on the default port (1433) or specify the port in your HOST setting, like 'HOST': 'xx.xx.xx.xx,1433'. Also, ensure your firewall allows traffic between your Django server and the SQL Server.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mohamed Helal