升级Spring Boot至2.7.3后出现JUnit参数解析异常及HSQLDB函数问题

问题1：JUnit 5测试抛出ParameterResolutionException #

现象 #

升级后，com.abc.demo.admin.rest.demoServerABCUserTest测试类运行时抛出org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterResolutionException，提示无法解析构造函数中的java.lang.String trustStorePassword参数，根因是ApplicationContext加载失败，异常栈如下：

org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterResolutionException: Failed to resolve parameter [java.lang.String trustStorePassword] in constructor [public com.abc.demo.admin.rest.demoServerABCUserTest(java.lang.String,java.lang.String,org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate,com.abc.demo.admin.rest.manager.service.ApplicationPropertyService,java.lang.String,java.lang.String)]: Failed to load ApplicationContext
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.resolveParameter(ExecutableInvoker.java:239)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.resolveParameters(ExecutableInvoker.java:183)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:74)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestClassConstructor(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:355)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateTestClass(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:302)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.instantiateTestClass(ClassTestDescriptor.java:79)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:280)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:272)
        at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:369)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:271)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:31)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:102)
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:101)
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66)
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$2(NodeTestTask.java:123)
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:123)
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:90)

解决步骤 #

1. 定位ApplicationContext加载根因：查看完整异常日志的Caused by部分，确定真正导致上下文加载失败的原因（比如属性缺失、Bean创建失败、自动配置冲突等）。
2. 调整测试参数注入方式：
   • 构造函数中的String类型参数（如trustStorePassword）改用@Value注解注入，避免直接通过构造函数传递，示例：

     @SpringBootTest
     public class demoServerABCUserTest {
         private final String trustStorePassword;
         private final TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
     
         public demoServerABCUserTest(TestRestTemplate restTemplate,
                                     @Value("${trust.store.password}") String trustStorePassword) {
             this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
             this.trustStorePassword = trustStorePassword;
         }
         // 测试方法
     }
     

   • 确保@Value对应的属性在测试配置文件（如application-test.properties）中存在。
3. 校验测试注解配置：确认@SpringBootTest注解配置正确，若需启动web环境，需指定webEnvironment属性：

   @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
   

问题2：HSQLDB中PL/pgSQL函数执行失败 #

现象 #

升级前在HSQLDB中正常运行的PL/pgSQL函数，升级后无法使用，函数代码如下：

CREATE FUNCTION db_schema.getEmplyoeeReport(deliveryStatus text, limitRecord integer) RETURNS setof db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status AS ' 
BEGIN 
    RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status usageDelivery 
    WHERE usageDelivery.status = deliveryStatus 
    LIMIT limitRecord; 
END;
' LANGUAGE plpgsql   

解决步骤 #

1. 适配HSQLDB版本语法：Spring Boot 2.7.3默认使用HSQLDB 2.7.1，相比2.6.7的HSQLDB 2.5.1，对PL/pgSQL语法校验更严格，需修正参数引用方式：
   • 方式一：使用位置参数$1、$2替代参数名

     CREATE FUNCTION db_schema.getEmplyoeeReport(deliveryStatus text, limitRecord integer) RETURNS setof db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status AS ' 
     BEGIN 
         RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status usageDelivery 
         WHERE usageDelivery.status = $1 
         LIMIT $2; 
     END;
     ' LANGUAGE plpgsql   
     

   • 方式二：参数名前加冒号标记

     CREATE FUNCTION db_schema.getEmplyoeeReport(deliveryStatus text, limitRecord integer) RETURNS setof db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status AS ' 
     BEGIN 
         RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM db_schema.employee_usage_report_delivery_status usageDelivery 
         WHERE usageDelivery.status = :deliveryStatus 
         LIMIT :limitRecord; 
     END;
     ' LANGUAGE plpgsql   
     

2. 确认测试环境初始化：确保测试启动时，函数创建脚本能正确执行（可通过@Sql注解指定初始化脚本），且db_schema模式已正确初始化。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Swapnil