Spring Boot 2.7.3降级Elasticsearch依赖后启动报错求助

问题背景 #

升级Spring Boot至2.7.3后，模块集成AWS Elasticsearch/OpenSearch 7.9.3时，本地运行正常但QA构建抛出错误：

Invalid or missing build flavor [oss];

经排查，Spring Boot 2.7.x配套的spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch使用的Elasticsearch客户端版本（如7.17.x）新增了构建版本校验逻辑，仅允许default作为合法构建版本，而AWS OpenSearch属于oss flavor，触发了该校验。

若直接降级spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch至2.5.7，会因与Spring Boot 2.7.3的spring-auto-configure版本不兼容，出现启动时类找不到的报错。

可行解决方案 #

方案一：自定义RestHighLevelClient Bean，绕过自动配置校验 #

直接手动创建客户端实例，跳过Spring Boot自动配置的客户端逻辑，避免版本校验：

1. 编写客户端配置类：

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class OpenSearchConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient() {
        return new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("your-opensearch-host", 443, "https"))
                        // 如需AWS签名认证，添加对应的请求拦截器
                        // .setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -> {
                        //     httpClientBuilder.addInterceptorLast(new Aws4SignerInterceptor(
                        //             "us-east-1",
                        //             AwsSdkClient.builder().region(Region.of("us-east-1")).build(),
                        //             "es"));
                        //     return httpClientBuilder;
                        // })
        );
    }
}

2. 排除Spring Boot的Elasticsearch自动配置类：

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {ElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration.class})
public class YourApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(YourApplication.class, args);
    }
}

方案二：调整依赖版本，保持Spring Boot 2.7.x兼容 #

不降级整个starter，仅替换Elasticsearch客户端版本为与AWS OpenSearch 7.9.3匹配的版本，同时排除starter中自带的高版本客户端：
Maven依赖配置示例：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.3</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

<!-- 添加与AWS OpenSearch 7.9.3匹配的客户端依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>7.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>7.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
    <version>7.9.3</version>
</dependency>

此方式既保留Spring Boot 2.7.x的自动配置能力，又避免版本校验冲突。

方案三：使用AWS官方OpenSearch客户端 #

替换Elasticsearch客户端为AWS官方OpenSearch SDK，天然适配AWS环境，无版本校验问题：

1. 添加Maven依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>software.amazon.awssdk</groupId>
    <artifactId>opensearch</artifactId>
    <version>2.17.200</version> <!-- 选择与Spring Boot 2.7.x兼容的版本 -->
</dependency>

2. 创建AWS OpenSearch客户端Bean：

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.opensearch.OpenSearchClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AwsOpenSearchConfig {

    @Bean
    public OpenSearchClient openSearchClient() {
        return OpenSearchClient.builder()
                .region(Region.US_EAST_1)
                .build();
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sandeep Nair