如何在Pygame中保存数据？实现变量跨代码运行留存

安全阿岳

2026-8-19

实现Python变量跨运行留存的解决方案

要让变量a的值在代码多次运行之间留存，核心是把变量值持久化存储到本地文件中，下次运行时先读取文件里的保存值，再进行逻辑操作。以下是三种简单可行的实现方案：

方法1：使用普通文本文件存储

这种方法最直观，适合存储单个简单变量：

# 读取保存的数值，首次运行文件不存在则初始化为1
try:
    with open("points.txt", "r") as f:
        a = int(f.read().strip())
except FileNotFoundError:
    a = 1

b = input("c or d: ")
if b == "c":
    a += 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")
elif b == "d":
    a -= 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")

# 将更新后的数值写入文件，覆盖原有内容
with open("points.txt", "w") as f:
    f.write(str(a))

运行后，项目根目录会生成points.txt文件，每次运行都会读取其中的数值，修改后再保存。

方法2：使用JSON文件存储

JSON格式更规范，适合后续扩展存储更多数据：

import json

# 读取或初始化数值
try:
    with open("points.json", "r") as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        a = data.get("points", 1)
except (FileNotFoundError, json.JSONDecodeError):
    a = 1

b = input("c or d: ")
if b == "c":
    a += 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")
elif b == "d":
    a -= 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")

# 保存为JSON格式
with open("points.json", "w") as f:
    json.dump({"points": a}, f)

方法3：使用Pickle序列化存储

Pickle可以直接序列化Python对象，适合存储复杂数据类型，单个变量也适用：

import pickle

# 读取或初始化数值
try:
    with open("points.pkl", "rb") as f:
        a = pickle.load(f)
except (FileNotFoundError, pickle.UnpicklingError):
    a = 1

b = input("c or d: ")
if b == "c":
    a += 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")
elif b == "d":
    a -= 1
    print(f"you have {a} points")

# 序列化保存变量
with open("points.pkl", "wb") as f:
    pickle.dump(a, f)