Laravel中如何验证嵌套数组请求？按组类型自定义验证属性

要实现根据每个group的type验证其下属qualities的type这一需求，可通过自定义验证规则结合Laravel的数组验证能力完成，具体步骤如下：

1. 定义分组与属性类型的映射关系 #

先明确不同分组类型允许的属性类型，用数组存储映射：

$allowedQualities = [
    'human' => ['hair', 'height'],
    'cat' => ['hair'],
];

2. 创建自定义验证规则 #

通过Artisan命令生成规则类：

php artisan make:rule GroupQualitiesValidation

在生成的App\Rules\GroupQualitiesValidation类中实现验证逻辑：

namespace App\Rules;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Rule;

class GroupQualitiesValidation implements Rule
{
    protected $groupType;

    // 接收当前分组的类型
    public function __construct($groupType)
    {
        $this->groupType = $groupType;
    }

    public function passes($attribute, $value)
    {
        $allowedQualities = [
            'human' => ['hair', 'height'],
            'cat' => ['hair'],
        ];

        // 若分组类型不在映射中，直接验证失败
        if (!isset($allowedQualities[$this->groupType])) {
            return false;
        }

        // 遍历每个属性，检查类型是否在允许列表内
        foreach ($value as $quality) {
            if (!in_array($quality['type'], $allowedQualities[$this->groupType])) {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    // 自定义错误提示信息
    public function message()
    {
        $allowed = implode(', ', $allowedQualities[$this->groupType] ?? []);
        return "分组类型为 {$this->groupType} 的属性只能使用以下类型：{$allowed}";
    }
}

3. 在验证流程中应用规则 #

方式一：控制器中直接验证 #

use App\Rules\GroupQualitiesValidation;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;

// 待验证的Payload
$payload = [
    'groups' => [
        [
            'type' => 'human',
            'qualities' => [
                ['type' => 'hair', 'value' => 'blue'],
                ['type' => 'height', 'value' => '188cm'],
            ]
        ],
        [
            'type' => 'cat',
            'qualities' => [
                ['type' => 'hair', 'value' => 'yellow']
            ]
        ]
    ]
];

// 基础验证规则
$rules = [
    'groups' => 'required|array',
    'groups.*.type' => 'required|string|in:human,cat',
    'groups.*.qualities' => 'required|array',
    'groups.*.qualities.*' => 'required|array:type,value',
    'groups.*.qualities.*.type' => 'required|string',
    'groups.*.qualities.*.value' => 'required|string',
];

// 初始化验证器
$validator = Validator::make($payload, $rules);

// 为每个分组的qualities添加自定义验证规则
foreach ($payload['groups'] as $index => $group) {
    $validator->addRules([
        "groups.{$index}.qualities" => new GroupQualitiesValidation($group['type'])
    ]);
}

// 执行验证
if ($validator->fails()) {
    // 处理验证失败，比如返回错误信息
    dd($validator->errors()->all());
}

// 验证通过后的业务逻辑
echo "验证通过";

方式二：表单请求类中验证 #

创建表单请求类：

php artisan make:request ValidateGroupsRequest

在App\Http\Requests\ValidateGroupsRequest中编写规则并添加自定义验证：

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use App\Rules\GroupQualitiesValidation;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class ValidateGroupsRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize()
    {
        // 根据需求调整权限逻辑
        return true;
    }

    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            'groups' => 'required|array',
            'groups.*.type' => 'required|string|in:human,cat',
            'groups.*.qualities' => 'required|array',
            'groups.*.qualities.*' => 'required|array:type,value',
            'groups.*.qualities.*.type' => 'required|string',
            'groups.*.qualities.*.value' => 'required|string',
        ];
    }

    // 在验证器初始化后添加自定义规则
    public function withValidator($validator)
    {
        foreach ($this->input('groups') as $index => $group) {
            $validator->addRules([
                "groups.{$index}.qualities" => new GroupQualitiesValidation($group['type'])
            ]);
        }
    }
}

之后在控制器中直接使用该请求类即可：

use App\Http\Requests\ValidateGroupsRequest;

public function store(ValidateGroupsRequest $request)
{
    // 请求已通过验证，处理业务逻辑
    $validated = $request->validated();
    // ...
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者James Haraldson