使用VSCode SQL Tools连接Debian VM数据库时出现握手超时错误

我正在使用VSCode的SQL Tools扩展连接部署在Debian虚拟机上的数据库，但每次尝试连接都会出现超时错误。

连接日志 #

[1664037417336] INFO  (ext): EXECUTING COMMAND => sqltools.getConnections
[1664037417336] INFO  (ls): REQUEST RECEIVED => connection/GetConnectionsRequest
[1664037417337] INFO  (ext): EXECUTING COMMAND => sqltools.getConnections
[1664037417337] INFO  (ls): REQUEST RECEIVED => connection/GetConnectionsRequest
[1664037417338] INFO  (ls): REQUEST RECEIVED => connection/GetConnectionPasswordRequest
[1664037422395] INFO  (ls): REQUEST RECEIVED => connection/ConnectRequest
[1664037422395] INFO  (ls): Connection instance created for Social Bot (dev).
    ns: "conn-manager"
[1664037432398] ERROR (ls): {"code":-1,"data":{"driver":"MySQL","driverOptions":{"mysqlOptions":{"authProtocol":"default"}}},,"name":"Error"}
    ns: "conn"
[1664037432399] ERROR (ls): Connecting error: {"code":-1,"data":{"driver":"MySQL","driverOptions":{"mysqlOptions":{"authProtocol":"default"}}},,"name":"Error"}
    ns: "conn-manager"
[1664037432399] ERROR (ls): Open connection error
    ns: "conn-manager"
[1664037432401] ERROR (ext): ERROR: Error opening connection Handshake inactivity timeout, {"code":-1,"data":{"driver":"MySQL","driverOptions":{"mysqlOptions":{"authProtocol":"default"}}}}
    ns: "error-handler"

连接配置截图 #

请问出现该问题的原因是什么？

问题原因及排查方案 #

• 防火墙/安全组拦截：Debian虚拟机的防火墙（如ufw）可能未开放MySQL默认端口3306，或者虚拟机所在的云平台安全组限制了外部访问。可以在虚拟机中执行ufw status查看端口开放状态，若未开放，执行ufw allow 3306开放端口；如果是云服务器，还需要在安全组中添加允许3306端口入站的规则。
• MySQL绑定地址限制：MySQL默认仅允许本地（127.0.0.1）访问，需要修改配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf，将bind-address的值改为0.0.0.0（允许所有IP访问），修改后执行systemctl restart mysql重启服务。
• 数据库用户权限不足：当前使用的数据库用户可能没有授权从外部IP地址访问。登录MySQL后执行授权语句：GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'your_username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';，然后执行FLUSH PRIVILEGES;刷新权限。
• 握手超时参数问题：SQL Tools扩展的超时时间设置过短，或者MySQL的wait_timeout、interactive_timeout参数值太小。可以尝试在VSCode的SQL Tools连接配置中增加超时时间，或者调整MySQL的相关参数。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Markix