iOS FCM推送问题：APP完全终止时无法捕获自定义数据求助

问题核心 #

APP完全终止（进程被杀）时，点击FCM通知启动APP，UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate或Firebase代理方法未触发，无法读取自定义跳转数据；APP前台/后台运行时点击通知可正常处理。

后端PHP代码分析（你的实现） #

<?php
function sendFCMPush($token, $title, $body, $customData) {
    $url = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';
    $headers = [
        'Authorization: key=YOUR_SERVER_KEY',
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    ];
    
    $payload = [
        'to' => $token,
        'notification' => [
            'title' => $title,
            'body' => $body,
            'sound' => 'default'
        ],
        'data' => $customData // 自定义数据：如['type' => 'order', 'order_id' => '1001']
    ];
    
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($payload));
    $response = curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
    return $response;
}
?>

你的payload结构没问题，data字段会被系统传递到APP，但APP终止时，数据不会直接触发代理方法，而是被封装在启动参数中。

iOS Swift代码修复方案 #

1. 在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions中处理启动参数 #

APP终止时点击通知启动，自定义数据会被包含在launchOptions的.remoteNotification键下，必须在这里先处理：

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
    // 必须第一时间初始化Firebase并设置代理
    FirebaseApp.configure()
    Messaging.messaging().delegate = self
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self
    
    // 处理终止状态下点击通知启动的场景
    if let remoteNotificationData = launchOptions?[.remoteNotification] as? [AnyHashable: Any] {
        handleCustomNavigation(remoteNotificationData)
    }
    
    // 请求通知权限
    let authOptions: UNAuthorizationOptions = [.alert, .badge, .sound]
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(
        options: authOptions,
        completionHandler: { _, _ in })
    application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
    
    return true
}

2. 确保代理方法覆盖所有场景 #

保留原有代理方法，同时统一处理逻辑：

// 前台收到通知时触发
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
    let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo
    handleCustomNavigation(userInfo)
    completionHandler([.banner, .sound])
}

// 后台/终止状态点击通知时触发（若代理设置及时）
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
    let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
    handleCustomNavigation(userInfo)
    completionHandler()
}

// 接收纯数据消息（无notification字段的推送）
func messaging(_ messaging: Messaging, didReceive remoteMessage: MessagingRemoteMessage) {
    handleCustomNavigation(remoteMessage.appData)
}

// 统一处理跳转逻辑
private func handleCustomNavigation(_ userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) {
    guard let type = userInfo["type"] as? String,
          let targetId = userInfo["order_id"] ?? userInfo["product_id"] as? String else {
        return
    }
    
    // 确保在主线程处理UI跳转
    DispatchQueue.main.async {
        guard let windowScene = UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.first as? UIWindowScene,
              let rootVC = windowScene.windows.first?.rootViewController else {
            return
        }
        
        // 根据type跳转到对应页面
        if type == "order" {
            let orderVC = OrderDetailViewController(orderId: targetId)
            rootVC.show(orderVC, sender: nil)
        } else if type == "product" {
            let productVC = ProductDetailViewController(productId: targetId)
            rootVC.show(productVC, sender: nil)
        }
    }
}

关键注意事项 #

• 代理设置时机：必须在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions的最开始设置UNUserNotificationCenter和Messaging的代理，否则系统可能无法找到代理，导致方法不触发。
• payload验证：确保data字段的键值对是可序列化的JSON类型（字符串、数字、布尔值），避免嵌套复杂对象。
• 测试方式：测试时必须完全终止APP（Xcode停止运行或多任务栏滑掉），再发送推送点击启动，后台状态的测试不能复现终止场景的问题。
• iOS版本兼容：iOS 10+必须使用UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate，旧的application:didReceiveRemoteNotification:方法已被废弃。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kodr.F