本地Minikube部署带PostgreSQL的Django项目求助及配置文件

现有部署文件的关键问题 #

• PostgreSQL服务缺失：未创建PostgreSQL的Service，导致Django无法通过postgres-service域名访问数据库
• PostgreSQL环境变量错误：官方Postgres镜像要求的环境变量是POSTGRES_USER、POSTGRES_PASSWORD，而非你配置的DATABASE_USER、DATABASE_PASS
• Django容器启动命令错误：
  • 多命令执行格式错误，需通过shell串联（&&）
  • 缺少runserver指令，且未绑定0.0.0.0（容器内必须绑定所有IP才能被外部访问）
• PVC定义缺失：PostgreSQL Deployment引用了postgres-pvc，但未提供该PVC的配置文件

修正后的完整部署文件 #

1. PostgreSQL凭证Secret #

先创建存储数据库用户名和密码的Secret：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: postgres-credentials
type: Opaque
data:
  user: cG9zdGdyZXM=  # 示例：echo -n "postgres" | base64 后的结果
  password: eW91cnBhc3N3b3Jk  # 示例：echo -n "yourpassword" | base64 后的结果

2. PostgreSQL持久化存储PVC #

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: postgres-pvc
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi

3. 修正后的PostgreSQL Deployment #

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgres-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: postgres-container
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: postgres-container
        tier: backend
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: postgres-container
          image: postgres:9.6.6
          env:
            - name: POSTGRES_USER
              valueFrom:
                secretKeyRef:
                  name: postgres-credentials
                  key: user
            - name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
              valueFrom:
                secretKeyRef:
                  name: postgres-credentials
                  key: password
            - name: POSTGRES_DB
              value: kubernetes_django
          ports:
            - containerPort: 5432
          volumeMounts:
            - name: postgres-volume-mount
              mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
      volumes:
        - name: postgres-volume-mount
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: postgres-pvc

4. PostgreSQL Service #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: postgres-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: postgres-container
  ports:
    - port: 5432
      targetPort: 5432

5. 修正后的Django Deployment #

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: django1
  labels:
    app: django1
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: django-container
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: django-container
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: todo
          image: jayantkeer/image-of-kubernets
          command: ["sh", "-c"]
          args: ["python manage.py makemigrations && python manage.py migrate && python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000"]
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
          env:
            - name: POSTGRES_USER
              valueFrom:
                secretKeyRef:
                  name: postgres-credentials
                  key: user
            - name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
              valueFrom:
                secretKeyRef:
                  name: postgres-credentials
                  key: password
            - name: POSTGRES_HOST
              value: postgres-service
            - name: POSTGRES_DB
              value: kubernetes_django

6. Django Service（保留你的原配置） #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: todo
  labels:
    app: todo
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: django-container
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000

部署步骤 #

1. 启动Minikube：

   minikube start
   

2. 依次创建所有资源：

   kubectl apply -f postgres-secret.yaml
   kubectl apply -f postgres-pvc.yaml
   kubectl apply -f postgres-deployment.yaml
   kubectl apply -f postgres-service.yaml
   kubectl apply -f django-deployment.yaml
   kubectl apply -f django-service.yaml
   

3. 验证Pod状态，确保所有Pod处于Running状态：

   kubectl get pods
   

4. 获取Django应用的访问地址：

   minikube service todo --url
   

   复制输出的URL到浏览器即可访问你的Django项目。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Noob