如何用Python或Swift获取Finder中选中元素的屏幕坐标

Python 实现（基于PyObjC） #

依赖pyobjc库，通过macOS辅助功能（Accessibility）API获取元素位置：

1. 安装依赖：

pip install pyobjc-core pyobjc-framework-AppKit pyobjc-framework-AXUIElement

2. 核心代码：

import objc
from AppKit import NSWorkspace, NSApplication
from AXUIElement import AXUIElement, kAXSelectedChildrenAttribute, kAXPositionAttribute, kAXSizeAttribute

def get_finder_selected_item_position():
    # 获取Finder应用实例
    workspace = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace()
    finder_app = workspace.runningApplicationsWithBundleIdentifier_("com.apple.finder")[0]
    finder_pid = finder_app.processIdentifier()
    
    # 初始化AXUIElement
    finder_element = AXUIElementCreateApplication(finder_pid)
    
    # 获取选中的子元素
    selected_children = objc.pyobjc_id(AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(finder_element, kAXSelectedChildrenAttribute, None)[1])
    if not selected_children or len(selected_children) == 0:
        return None
    
    # 获取第一个选中元素的位置与尺寸
    selected_item = selected_children[0]
    position = objc.pyobjc_id(AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(selected_item, kAXPositionAttribute, None)[1])
    size = objc.pyobjc_id(AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(selected_item, kAXSizeAttribute, None)[1])
    
    # 计算元素中心坐标（右键点击常用中心）
    x = position.x + size.width / 2
    y = position.y + size.height / 2
    
    # 转换为屏幕坐标系（macOS原点在左下角，需转成左上角）
    screen_frame = NSApplication.sharedApplication().mainScreen().frame()
    screen_y = screen_frame.size.height - y
    
    return (x, screen_y)

# 调用示例
pos = get_finder_selected_item_position()
if pos:
    print(f"选中元素屏幕坐标：({pos[0]}, {pos[1]})")

注意：运行前需在「系统设置 > 隐私与安全性 > 辅助功能」中给你的Python脚本/IDE授权。

Swift 实现 #

利用macOS Accessibility框架与AppKit：

1. 导入必要框架：

import AppKit
import Accessibility

2. 核心函数：

func getFinderSelectedItemScreenPosition() -> CGPoint? {
    guard let finderApp = NSWorkspace.shared.runningApplications.first(where: { $0.bundleIdentifier == "com.apple.finder" }) else {
        return nil
    }
    
    let finderPID = finderApp.processIdentifier
    let finderElement = AXUIElementCreateApplication(finderPID)
    
    // 获取选中元素
    var selectedChildren: AnyObject?
    let status = AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(finderElement, kAXSelectedChildrenAttribute as CFString, &selectedChildren)
    guard status == .success, let children = selectedChildren as? [AXUIElement], !children.isEmpty else {
        return nil
    }
    
    let selectedItem = children[0]
    
    // 获取位置和尺寸
    var position: AnyObject?
    guard AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(selectedItem, kAXPositionAttribute as CFString, &position) == .success,
          let pos = position as? CGPoint else {
        return nil
    }
    
    var size: AnyObject?
    guard AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(selectedItem, kAXSizeAttribute as CFString, &size) == .success,
          let sz = size as? CGSize else {
        return nil
    }
    
    // 计算中心坐标并转换为屏幕坐标系
    let centerX = pos.x + sz.width / 2
    let centerY = pos.y + sz.height / 2
    
    guard let mainScreen = NSScreen.main else { return nil }
    let screenY = mainScreen.frame.height - centerY
    
    return CGPoint(x: centerX, y: screenY)
}

// 调用示例
if let position = getFinderSelectedItemScreenPosition() {
    print("选中元素屏幕坐标：(\(position.x), \(position.y))")
}

注意：需在「系统设置 > 隐私与安全性 > 辅助功能」中给你的应用授权，否则会返回nil。

替代思路：无需坐标直接触发右键菜单 #

如果获取坐标遇到阻碍，可直接通过Accessibility API触发选中元素的右键菜单：

• Python：AXUIElementPerformAction(selected_item, kAXShowMenuAttribute)
• Swift：AXUIElementPerformAction(selectedItem, kAXShowMenuAttribute as CFString)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Fedede