react-native-image-picker编译失败：Task :react-native-image-picker:compileDebugJavaWithJavac FAILED

负责React Native项目UI更新时，执行npx react-native run android命令运行应用，出现Task :react-native-image-picker:compileDebugJavaWithJavac FAILED错误，完整错误信息如下：

Deprecated Gradle features were used in this build, making it incompatible with Gradle 7.0.
Use '--warning-mode all' to show the individual deprecation warnings.
See https://docs.gradle.org/6.7/userguide/command_line_interface.html#sec:command_line_warnings
302 actionable tasks: 2 executed, 300 up-to-date
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/common/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/common/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/generic/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/generic/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/01
Warning: unexpected element (uri:"", local:"base-extension"). Expected elements are <{}codename>,<{}layoutlib>,<{}api-level>
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:135: error: cannot find symbol
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                       ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:143: error: cannot find symbol
            libraryIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_PICK_IMAGES);
                                                 ^
  symbol:   variable ACTION_PICK_IMAGES
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:147: error: cannot find symbol
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                           ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:152: error: cannot find symbol
                    if (selectionLimit == 0) maxNum = MediaStore.getPickImagesMaxLimit();
                                                                ^
  symbol:   method getPickImagesMaxLimit()
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:153: error: cannot find symbol
                    libraryIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_PICK_IMAGES_MAX, maxNum);
                                                     ^
  symbol:   variable EXTRA_PICK_IMAGES_MAX
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:162: error: cannot find symbol
        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                              ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
6 errors

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':react-native-image-picker:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
> Compilation failed; see the compiler error output for details.

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 1m 58s

error Failed to install the app. Make sure you have the Android development environment set up: https://reactnative.dev/docs/environment-setup.
Error: Command failed: gradlew.bat app:installDebug -PreactNativeDevServerPort=8081
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/common/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/common/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/generic/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/repository/android/generic/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/addon2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/repository2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/03 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/01
Warning: Mapping new ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/02 to old ns http://schemas.android.com/sdk/android/repo/sys-img2/01
Warning: unexpected element (uri:"", local:"base-extension"). Expected elements are <{}codename>,<{}layoutlib>,<{}api-level>
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:135: error: cannot find symbol
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                       ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:143: error: cannot find symbol
            libraryIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_PICK_IMAGES);
                                                 ^
  symbol:   variable ACTION_PICK_IMAGES
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:147: error: cannot find symbol
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                           ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:152: error: cannot find symbol
                    if (selectionLimit == 0) maxNum = MediaStore.getPickImagesMaxLimit();
                                                                ^
  symbol:   method getPickImagesMaxLimit()
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:153: error: cannot find symbol
                    libraryIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_PICK_IMAGES_MAX, maxNum);
                                                     ^
  symbol:   variable EXTRA_PICK_IMAGES_MAX
  location: class MediaStore
C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\react-native-image-picker\android\src\main\java\com\imagepicker\ImagePickerModule.java:162: error: cannot find symbol
        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                                                              ^
  symbol:   variable TIRAMISU
  location: class VERSION_CODES
6 errors

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':react-native-image-picker:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
> Compilation failed; see the compiler error output for details.

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 1m 58s

    at makeError (C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\execa\index.js:174:9)
    at C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\execa\index.js:278:16
    at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
    at async runOnAllDevices (C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\@react-native-community\cli-platform-android\build\commands\runAndroid\runOnAllDevices.js:109:5)
    at async Command.handleAction (C:\Users\CURTIS\Downloads\efik\node_modules\@react-native-community\cli\build\index.js:192:9)

错误原因 #

TIRAMISU是Android 13（API 33）的版本代号，ACTION_PICK_IMAGES、getPickImagesMaxLimit()等API均为Android 13新增接口。当前项目的Android编译SDK版本低于33，而react-native-image-picker的新版本依赖这些API，导致编译时找不到符号。

解决方案 #

方案一：升级Android项目SDK版本 #

• 打开项目根目录下的android/build.gradle文件，修改buildscript中的版本配置：

  buildscript {
      ext {
          buildToolsVersion = "33.0.0"
          minSdkVersion = 21 // 可根据项目需求调整，需满足依赖库最低要求
          compileSdkVersion = 33
          targetSdkVersion = 33
      }
  }
  

• 同步Gradle配置后，重新执行npx react-native run android

方案二：降级react-native-image-picker到兼容旧SDK的版本 #

• 卸载当前版本，安装不依赖Android 13 API的低版本：

  npm uninstall react-native-image-picker
  npm install react-native-image-picker@^4.8.0
  

• RN 0.60及以上版本自动完成链接，无需额外操作；旧版本需执行react-native link react-native-image-picker，之后重新编译

方案三：强制指定react-native-image-picker的编译SDK版本 #

• 在android/build.gradle中添加如下配置，强制该模块使用API 33编译：

  subprojects {
      afterEvaluate { project ->
          if (project.name == 'react-native-image-picker') {
              android {
                  compileSdkVersion 33
                  buildToolsVersion "33.0.0"
              }
          }
      }
  }
  

• 同步Gradle后重新运行编译命令

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Curtis Crentsil