Terraform创建Azure Linux虚拟机失败：镜像不存在错误求助

问题场景 #

我跟着YouTube教程学习Terraform+Azure，在视频约53分钟处编写以下代码创建Linux虚拟机时触发错误：

resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "mtc-vm" {
  name                  = "mtc-vm"
  resource_group_name   = azurerm_resource_group.mtc-rg.name
  location              = azurerm_resource_group.mtc rg.location
  size                  = "Standard_B1s"
  admin_username        = "adminuser"
  network_interface_ids = [azurerm_network_interface.mtc-nic.id]

  admin_ssh_key {
    username   = "adminuser"
    public_key = file("~/.ssh/mtcazurekey.pub")
  }

  os_disk {
    caching              = "ReadWrite"
    storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
  }

  source_image_reference {
    publisher = "Canonical"
    offer     = "UbuntuServer"
    sku       = "18.04-LTS"
    version   = "latest"
  }

  tags = {
    "environment" = "dev"
  }
}

错误信息 #

Error: creating Linux Virtual Machine: (Name "mtc-vm" / Resource Group "mtc-resources"): compute.VirtualMachinesclient#CreateOrUpdate: Failure sending request: StatusCode=404 -- Original Error: Code="Platform ImageNotFound" Message="The platform image 'Canonical:UbuntuServer:16.04 LTS:latest' is not available. Verify that all fields in the storage profile are correct. For more details about storage profile information, please refer to https://aka.ms/storageprofile" target="imageReference"
with azurerm_linux_virtual_machine.mtc-vm, on main.tf line 97, in resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "mtc-vm" : 97: resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "mtc-vm" {

问题分析与修复方案 #

• location字段拼写错误：代码中azurerm_resource_group.mtc rg.location存在空格，应该改为azurerm_resource_group.mtc-rg.location。这个错误会导致Terraform无法正确获取资源组的区域，可能触发默认区域的镜像查找，而该区域没有代码中指定的镜像。
• 镜像版本问题：错误提示中显示的是16.04 LTS镜像找不到，而代码里写的是18.04-LTS，说明要么18.04-LTS在目标区域已停止提供，要么拼写错误导致匹配到了旧版本。建议更换为当前Azure支持的Ubuntu LTS版本，比如20.04-LTS或22.04-LTS。

修正后的代码 #

resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "mtc-vm" {
  name                  = "mtc-vm"
  resource_group_name   = azurerm_resource_group.mtc-rg.name
  location              = azurerm_resource_group.mtc-rg.location
  size                  = "Standard_B1s"
  admin_username        = "adminuser"
  network_interface_ids = [azurerm_network_interface.mtc-nic.id]

  admin_ssh_key {
    username   = "adminuser"
    public_key = file("~/.ssh/mtcazurekey.pub")
  }

  os_disk {
    caching              = "ReadWrite"
    storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
  }

  source_image_reference {
    publisher = "Canonical"
    offer     = "UbuntuServer"
    sku       = "20.04-LTS"
    version   = "latest"
  }

  tags = {
    "environment" = "dev"
  }
}

额外验证方法 #

可以通过Azure CLI命令查看当前区域可用的Ubuntu镜像，确认正确的sku参数：

az vm image list --publisher Canonical --offer UbuntuServer --all --output table

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者EngineerX