Tkinter报错：can't invoke 'bind' command: application has been destroyed 求助

报错信息 #

运行代码时触发错误：

can't invoke "bind" command: application has been destroyed

即使仅调用两行messagebox代码也会出现该问题：

from tkinter import messagebox
launch = messagebox.showinfo("oops", "No such state", icon="warning")

完整代码 #

import turtle
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
from score import Score
import pandas
from tkinter import messagebox
turtle.colormode(255)
turtle.penup()
turtle.hideturtle()
writer = Turtle()
writer.hideturtle()
writer.penup()
screen = turtle.Screen()

def button():
    butt = Turtle()
    butt.penup()
    butt.hideturtle()
    butt.speed("fastest")
    butt.color(66, 184, 213)
    butt.goto(-80, -50)
    butt.pendown()
    butt.fillcolor(241, 218, 160)
    butt.begin_fill()
    butt.forward(160)
    butt.left(90)
    butt.forward(80)
    butt.left(90)
    butt.forward(160)
    butt.left(90)
    butt.forward(80)
    butt.end_fill()
    butt.penup()
    butt.goto(-65, -25)
    butt.pendown()
    butt.write(arg="Start Game", move=False, font=("Times New Roman", 30, "normal"))

button()

def game():

    screen.clear()
    # 修正：这里是方法调用，不是赋值
    screen.title("U.S. States Game")
    image = "blank_states_img.gif"
    screen.addshape(image)
    turtle.shape(image)
    score = Score()

    turtle.setup(730, 500)

    in_d = "50_states.csv"
    data = pandas.read_csv(in_d)

    guessed_states = []
    state = data["state"].tolist()
    xcor = data["x"].tolist()
    ycor = data["y"].tolist()

    num_of_states = len(state)

    while score < 50:
        answer_state = screen.textinput(title='Guess the state', prompt="What's the state's name?").capitalize()

        if answer_state not in state and answer_state in guessed_states:
            launch = messagebox.showinfo("oops", "You already guessed it!", icon="warning")

        elif answer_state not in state:
            launch = messagebox.showinfo("oops", "No such state", icon="warning")

        for i in state:
            if i == answer_state:
                position = state.index(answer_state)
                x_cor = int(xcor[position])
                y_cor = int(ycor[position])
                location = (x_cor, y_cor)
                writer.goto(location)
                writer.write(arg=answer_state, move=False, font=("Times New Roman", 10, "normal"))
                score.increase_score()
                state.remove(answer_state)
                guessed_states.append(answer_state)

def butt_click(x, y):
    if x > -50 and x < 50 and y > -50 and y < 65:
        game()

turtle.onscreenclick(butt_click, 1)
turtle.listen()
turtle.done()

# 移除这一行，避免冲突
# screen.exitonclick()

问题根源 #

1. 主循环重复绑定冲突：turtle.done()会启动tkinter主循环并保持窗口运行，之后的screen.exitonclick()会尝试给已进入销毁流程的窗口绑定退出事件，导致后续调用messagebox时，tkinter应用已处于无效状态。
2. 标题设置错误：原代码中screen.title = ("U.S. States Game")是赋值操作，不是调用标题设置方法，无法正确修改窗口标题。

修复步骤 #

1. 删除末尾的screen.exitonclick()，保留turtle.done()负责主循环和窗口生命周期管理。
2. 将screen.title = ("U.S. States Game")改为screen.title("U.S. States Game")，正确调用标题设置方法。

额外优化建议 #

可以用pandas的直接查询替代循环收集数据，提升效率：

# 替换原有的state、xcor、ycor循环收集
state = data["state"].tolist()
xcor = data["x"].tolist()
ycor = data["y"].tolist()

# 或者在匹配状态时直接查询坐标
if answer_state in state:
    state_row = data[data["state"] == answer_state].iloc[0]
    x_cor = state_row["x"]
    y_cor = state_row["y"]
    # 后续写入逻辑不变

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者tensai