如何为基于JDK11的Maven JavaFX项目打包可运行Jar

1. 添加自定义启动代理类 #

创建一个普通Java类作为启动入口，避免直接调用JavaFX的Application类（模块化环境下的限制）：

package hu.infokristaly.jpasswordprotector;

public class Launcher {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JPasswordProtector.main(args);
    }
}

2. 修改pom.xml配置 #

替换原build/plugins节点内容，添加maven-shade-plugin打包所有依赖（包括JavaFX库），同时保留开发用的javafx-maven-plugin：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.10.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <release>11</release>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 开发运行用的JavaFX插件 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
            <artifactId>javafx-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.8</version>
            <configuration>
                <mainClass>hu.infokristaly.jpasswordprotector.JPasswordProtector</mainClass>
                <options>
                    <option>--add-exports</option>
                    <option>javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event=org.controlsfx.controls</option>
                </options>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>default-cli</id>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>debug</id>
                    <configuration>
                        <options>
                            <option>-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=y,address=localhost:8000</option>
                        </options>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>ide-debug</id>
                    <configuration>
                        <options>
                            <option>-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=n,address=${jpda.address}</option>
                            <option>--add-exports</option>
                            <option>javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event=org.controlsfx.controls</option>
                        </options>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>ide-profile</id>
                    <configuration>
                        <options>
                            <option>${profiler.jvmargs.arg1}</option>
                            <option>${profiler.jvmargs.arg2}</option>
                            <option>${profiler.jvmargs.arg3}</option>
                            <option>${profiler.jvmargs.arg4}</option>
                            <option>${profiler.jvmargs.arg5}</option>
                        </options>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 打包可运行Jar用的Shade插件 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <createDependencyReducedPom>false</createDependencyReducedPom>
                        <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
                        <shadedClassifierName>jar-with-dependencies</shadedClassifierName>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>hu.infokristaly.jpasswordprotector.Launcher</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                        </transformers>
                        <filters>
                            <filter>
                                <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                <excludes>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                                </excludes>
                            </filter>
                        </filters>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

3. 打包与运行 #

• 执行打包命令：mvn clean package
• 在target目录找到生成的JPasswordProtectorJDK11-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar，重命名为JPasswordProtector.jar
• 运行时必须携带ControlsFX所需的JVM参数：

java --add-exports javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event=org.controlsfx.controls -jar JPasswordProtector.jar

简化运行方式（可选） #

如果不想每次输入参数，可创建启动脚本：

Windows（start.bat） #

@echo off
java --add-exports javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event=org.controlsfx.controls -jar JPasswordProtector.jar

Linux/macOS（start.sh） #

#!/bin/bash
java --add-exports javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event=org.controlsfx.controls -jar JPasswordProtector.jar

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Papp Zoltán