如何不使用Selenium捕获FamilyEcho生成的家谱图片？

我正在使用FamilyEcho网站，它提供API用于创建家谱。我已经通过GEDCOM脚本和Python代码生成了家谱的临时视图，但现在希望直接将家谱图片下载保存到本地，不想使用Selenium（因为它会打开新标签页）。

现有GEDCOM脚本 #

0 HEAD
1 GEDC
2 VERS 5.5.5
2 FORM LINEAGE-LINKED
3 VERS 5.5.5
1 CHAR UTF-8
1 SOUR GS
2 NAME GEDCOM Specification
2 VERS 5.5.5
2 CORP gedcom.org
3 ADDR
4 CITY LEIDEN
3 WWW www.gedcom.org
1 DATE 2 Oct 2019
2 TIME 0:00:00
1 FILE 555Sample.ged
1 LANG English
1 SUBM @U1@
0 @U1@ SUBM
1 NAME Reldon Poulson
1 ADDR 
2 ADR1 1900 43rd Street West
2 CITY Billings
2 STAE Montana
2 POST 68051
2 CTRY United States of America
1 PHON +1 (406) 555-1232
0 @I1@ INDI
1 NAME Robert Eugene /Williams/
2 SURN Williams
2 GIVN Robert Eugene
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 Oct 1822
2 PLAC Weston, Madison, Connecticut, United States of America
2 SOUR @S1@
3 PAGE Sec. 2, p. 45
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 Apr 1905
2 PLAC Stamford, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America
1 BURI
2 PLAC Spring Hill Cemetery, Stamford, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America
1 FAMS @F1@
1 FAMS @F2@
1 RESI 
2 DATE from 1900 to 1905
0 @I2@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Ann /Wilson/
2 SURN Wilson
2 GIVN Mary Ann
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1828
2 PLAC Connecticut, United States of America
1 FAMS @F1@
0 @I3@ INDI
1 NAME Joe /Williams/
2 SURN Williams
2 GIVN Joe
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 Jun 1861
2 PLAC Idaho Falls, Bonneville, Idaho, United States of America
1 FAMC @F1@
1 FAMC @F2@
2 PEDI adopted
1 ADOP 
2 DATE 16 Mar 1864
0 @F1@ FAM
1 HUSB @I1@
1 WIFE @I2@
1 CHIL @I3@
1 MARR
2 DATE Dec 1859
2 PLAC Rapid City, Pennington, South Dakota, United States of America
0 @F2@ FAM
1 HUSB @I1@
1 CHIL @I3@
0 @S1@ SOUR
1 DATA
2 EVEN BIRT, DEAT, MARR
3 DATE FROM Jan 1820 TO DEC 1825
3 PLAC Madison, Connecticut, United States of America
2 AGNC Madison County Court
1 TITL Madison County Birth, Death, and Marriage Records
1 ABBR Madison BMD Records
1 REPO @R1@
2 CALN 13B-1234.01
0 @R1@ REPO
1 NAME Family History Library
1 ADDR
2 ADR1 35 N West Temple Street
2 CITY Salt Lake City
2 STAE Utah
2 POST 84150
2 CTRY United States of America
0 TRLR

现有Python代码 #

import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36',
}
response = requests.post('http://api.familyecho.com/', headers=headers, data={'format':'json','operation':'temp_view','family': GED})
response = response.json()
tree_id = response["url"].split("i=")[-1]
print(response["url"])

解决方案：直接请求图片URL下载 #

FamilyEcho的家谱图片可通过构造特定URL直接获取，无需启动浏览器。获取tree_id后，构造图片请求链接，用requests直接下载保存即可。

修改后的完整代码如下：

import requests

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36',
}

# GEDCOM脚本
GED = """0 HEAD
1 GEDC
2 VERS 5.5.5
2 FORM LINEAGE-LINKED
3 VERS 5.5.5
1 CHAR UTF-8
1 SOUR GS
2 NAME GEDCOM Specification
2 VERS 5.5.5
2 CORP gedcom.org
3 ADDR
4 CITY LEIDEN
3 WWW www.gedcom.org
1 DATE 2 Oct 2019
2 TIME 0:00:00
1 FILE 555Sample.ged
1 LANG English
1 SUBM @U1@
0 @U1@ SUBM
1 NAME Reldon Poulson
1 ADDR 
2 ADR1 1900 43rd Street West
2 CITY Billings
2 STAE Montana
2 POST 68051
2 CTRY United States of America
1 PHON +1 (406) 555-1232
0 @I1@ INDI
1 NAME Robert Eugene /Williams/
2 SURN Williams
2 GIVN Robert Eugene
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 2 Oct 1822
2 PLAC Weston, Madison, Connecticut, United States of America
2 SOUR @S1@
3 PAGE Sec. 2, p. 45
1 DEAT
2 DATE 14 Apr 1905
2 PLAC Stamford, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America
1 BURI
2 PLAC Spring Hill Cemetery, Stamford, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America
1 FAMS @F1@
1 FAMS @F2@
1 RESI 
2 DATE from 1900 to 1905
0 @I2@ INDI
1 NAME Mary Ann /Wilson/
2 SURN Wilson
2 GIVN Mary Ann
1 SEX F
1 BIRT
2 DATE BEF 1828
2 PLAC Connecticut, United States of America
1 FAMS @F1@
0 @I3@ INDI
1 NAME Joe /Williams/
2 SURN Williams
2 GIVN Joe
1 SEX M
1 BIRT
2 DATE 11 Jun 1861
2 PLAC Idaho Falls, Bonneville, Idaho, United States of America
1 FAMC @F1@
1 FAMC @F2@
2 PEDI adopted
1 ADOP 
2 DATE 16 Mar 1864
0 @F1@ FAM
1 HUSB @I1@
1 WIFE @I2@
1 CHIL @I3@
1 MARR
2 DATE Dec 1859
2 PLAC Rapid City, Pennington, South Dakota, United States of America
0 @F2@ FAM
1 HUSB @I1@
1 CHIL @I3@
0 @S1@ SOUR
1 DATA
2 EVEN BIRT, DEAT, MARR
3 DATE FROM Jan 1820 TO DEC 1825
3 PLAC Madison, Connecticut, United States of America
2 AGNC Madison County Court
1 TITL Madison County Birth, Death, and Marriage Records
1 ABBR Madison BMD Records
1 REPO @R1@
2 CALN 13B-1234.01
0 @R1@ REPO
1 NAME Family History Library
1 ADDR
2 ADR1 35 N West Temple Street
2 CITY Salt Lake City
2 STAE Utah
2 POST 84150
2 CTRY United States of America
0 TRLR
"""

# 提交GEDCOM生成临时视图
response = requests.post('http://api.familyecho.com/', headers=headers, data={'format':'json','operation':'temp_view','family': GED})
response_data = response.json()
tree_id = response_data["url"].split("i=")[-1]

# 构造图片URL，可调整size参数控制图片分辨率（如800、1200等）
image_url = f'http://www.familyecho.com/chart?i={tree_id}&size=1200'

# 下载并保存图片
image_response = requests.get(image_url, headers=headers)
if image_response.status_code == 200:
    with open('family_tree.png', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(image_response.content)
    print("家谱图片已成功保存为family_tree.png")
else:
    print(f"下载图片失败，状态码：{image_response.status_code}")

注意事项 #

• size参数可自定义，数值越大图片分辨率越高
• 保持请求头一致，避免被网站拦截
• 图片默认保存为family_tree.png，可自行修改文件名和路径

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Flow