M1芯片执行sudo arch -x86_64 gem install ffi及Ruby更新后pod install报错

问题描述 #

一直在研究如何让pod install在M1芯片设备上正常运行，但仍未解决问题。此前已尝试以下操作：

• 执行sudo arch -x86_64 gem install ffi
• 更新Ruby至3.1版本并设置路径覆盖系统默认
• 分别执行arch -x86_64 pod install和pod install

更新Ruby解决了部分错误，但运行pod install时仍出现如下报错：

/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:34:in `force_encoding': can't modify frozen String (FrozenError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:34:in `report'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:66:in `report_error'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:396:in `handle_exception'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:337:in `rescue in run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:324:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/bin/pod:55:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/xcodeproj-1.21.0/lib/xcodeproj/project.rb:228:in `initialize_from_file': [Xcodeproj] Unknown object version (56). (RuntimeError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/xcodeproj-1.21.0/lib/xcodeproj/project.rb:113:in `open'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1190:in `block (2 levels) in inspect_targets_to_integrate'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1189:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1189:in `block in inspect_targets_to_integrate'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface.rb:64:in `section'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1184:in `inspect_targets_to_integrate'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:106:in `analyze'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:416:in `analyze'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:241:in `block in resolve_dependencies'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface.rb:64:in `section'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:240:in `resolve_dependencies'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:161:in `install!'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command/install.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:334:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/bin/pod:55:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'

解决建议 #

从报错信息看，核心问题有两个：Ruby版本与CocoaPods的兼容冲突（FrozenError）、Xcodeproj版本不支持当前Xcode项目的对象版本（56）。以下是针对性解决步骤：

1. 升级Xcodeproj到兼容版本 #

[Xcodeproj] Unknown object version (56)说明当前xcodeproj 1.21.0不支持项目的对象版本，需要升级：

sudo gem install xcodeproj --version '>= 1.22.0'

若用rbenv/rvm管理Ruby，可去掉sudo直接安装。

2. 确保CocoaPods关联到Ruby 3.1环境 #

报错显示仍在使用系统Ruby 2.6.0，说明Ruby 3.1未正确关联CocoaPods，重新安装：

• 卸载当前CocoaPods：

  sudo gem uninstall cocoapods
  

• 切换到Ruby 3.1环境（rbenv执行rbenv local 3.1.0，rvm执行rvm use 3.1.0），重新安装：

  gem install cocoapods
  

• 验证环境：

  pod --version
  which pod
  

  确保which pod指向Ruby 3.1的gem目录，比如~/.rbenv/shims/pod或~/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.1.0/bin/pod。

3. 用Rosetta 2终端执行命令 #

若上述方法无效，完全在Rosetta 2环境下操作：

• 右键终端应用→「显示简介」，勾选「使用Rosetta打开」，重启终端。
• 执行：

  gem install cocoapods
  pod install
  

4. 清理Pod缓存 #

缓存文件可能引发冲突，执行清理：

pod cache clean --all
rm -rf Pods/
rm -rf Podfile.lock
pod install

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Aggressor