如何将完整JSON内容存入单个环境变量？

根据不同终端环境，以下是可行的赋值方法：

Bash/Zsh（Linux/macOS） #

单行赋值 #

用单引号包裹整个JSON内容，通过export设置环境变量：

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS='{"type":"1234","project_id":"1234","private_key_id":"1234","private_key":"1234564789","client_email":"iam.gserviceaccount.com","client_id":"1072","auth_uri":"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth","token_uri":"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token","auth_provider_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com","client_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadatam"}'

多行赋值（保留JSON格式） #

使用Here文档保持JSON的换行结构，避免压缩成单行：

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=$(cat << 'EOF'
{
  "type":"1234",
  "project_id": "1234",
  "private_key_id": "1234",
  "private_key": "1234564789",
  "client_email": "iam.gserviceaccount.com",
  "client_id": "1072",
  "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
  "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
  "auth_provider_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com",
  "client_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadatam"
}
EOF
)

'EOF'的单引号可以防止内部内容被shell解析，确保JSON原样保存。

Windows CMD #

将JSON压缩为单行，并用两个双引号转义内部的双引号，通过set赋值：

set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="{\"type\":\"1234\",\"project_id\":\"1234\",\"private_key_id\":\"1234\",\"private_key\":\"1234564789\",\"client_email\":\"iam.gserviceaccount.com\",\"client_id\":\"1072\",\"auth_uri\":\"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth\",\"token_uri\":\"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token\",\"auth_provider_x509_cert_url\":\"https://www.googleapis.com\",\"client_x509_cert_url\":\"https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadatam\"}"

Windows PowerShell #

用单引号包裹JSON，通过$env:前缀设置环境变量：

多行版本 #

$env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS = '{
  "type":"1234",
  "project_id": "1234",
  "private_key_id": "1234",
  "private_key": "1234564789",
  "client_email": "iam.gserviceaccount.com",
  "client_id": "1072",
  "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
  "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
  "auth_provider_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com",
  "client_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadatam"
}'

单行版本 #

$env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS = '{"type":"1234","project_id":"1234","private_key_id":"1234","private_key":"1234564789","client_email":"iam.gserviceaccount.com","client_id":"1072","auth_uri":"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth","token_uri":"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token","auth_provider_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com","client_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadatam"}'

关键说明 #

• 之前赋值失败是因为缺少正确的环境变量赋值语法（如export/set/$env:），且未用引号包裹JSON导致shell将其解析为命令而非变量值。
• 若需要环境变量永久生效：
  • Bash/Zsh：将赋值命令添加到~/.bashrc或~/.zshrc文件中
  • Windows CMD：通过系统属性添加到环境变量列表
  • PowerShell：将命令写入$PROFILE配置文件

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者pgmendormi