如何在C#中高效遍历类以检测传感器状态异常

我在C#中定义了多个类，包含lidar、imu、camera1至camera4等传感器类，需要遍历这些类获取状态值，当传感器状态不为good时输出类似lidar not good的提示。我想到两种实现思路：

• 使用类列表，但不清楚对应的类型应如何设置；
• 通过Root类访问其他类，类似遍历类属性的方式实现，但不知具体操作方法。

初始类结构 #

public class Battery
{
    public string status { get; set; }
    public string value { get; set; }
}

public class Camera1
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Camera2
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Camera3
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Camera4
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Cpu
{
    public string status { get; set; }
    public string value { get; set; }
    public string temperature { get; set; }
    public string ram { get; set; }
    public string utilisation { get; set; }
}

public class CurrentJob
{
    public object job { get; set; }
    public object task { get; set; }
    public object location { get; set; }
}

public class Dex
{
    public CurrentJob current_job { get; set; }
    public Battery battery { get; set; }
    public Gpu gpu { get; set; }
    public Cpu cpu { get; set; }
    public Lidar lidar { get; set; }
    public Camera1 camera1 { get; set; }
    public Camera2 camera2 { get; set; }
    public Camera3 camera3 { get; set; }
    public Camera4 camera4 { get; set; }
    public Imu imu { get; set; }
}

public class Gpu
{
    public string status { get; set; }
    public string value { get; set; }
    public string memory { get; set; }
    public string utilisation { get; set; }
}

public class Imu
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Lidar
{
    public string status { get; set; }
}

public class Root
{
    public Dex dex { get; set; }
}

对应JSON数据 #

[
    {"dex":
        {
        "current_job":
            {"job":null, "task": null, "location": null},
        "battery": 
            {"status": "good", "value": "100"},
        "gpu": 
            {"status": "bad", "value": "97", "memory":"60", "utilisation":"83.3"},
        "cpu":
            {"status": "good", "value": "32", "temperature":"37", "ram":"31.5", "utilisation":"26"},
        "lidar": 
            {"status": "good"}, 
        "camera1": 
            {"status": "good"},
        "camera2": 
            {"status": "good"},
        "camera3": 
            {"status": "error"},
        "camera4": 
            {"status": "good"},
        "imu": 
            {"status": "good"}
        }
    }
]

优化后类结构（传感器类继承SensorComponents） #

using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System.IO;

namespace CoreBot.CognitiveModels
{
    public class Battery
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
        public string value { get; set; }
    }

    public class Camera1 : SensorComponents
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Camera2 : SensorComponents
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Camera3 : SensorComponents
    {
        public string name = "CPU";
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Camera4 : SensorComponents
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Cpu
    {
        public string name = "CPU";
        public string status { get; set; }
        public string value { get; set; }
        public string temperature { get; set; }
        public string ram { get; set; }
        public string utilisation { get; set; }
    }

    public class CurrentJob
    {
        public object job { get; set; }
        public object task { get; set; }
        public object location { get; set; }
    }

    public class Dex
    {
        public CurrentJob current_job { get; set; }
        public Battery battery { get; set; }
        public Gpu gpu { get; set; }
        public Cpu cpu { get; set; }
        public Lidar lidar { get; set; }
        public Camera1 camera1 { get; set; }
        public Camera2 camera2 { get; set; }
        public Camera3 camera3 { get; set; }
        public Camera4 camera4 { get; set; }
        public Imu imu { get; set; }
    }

    public class Gpu
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
        public string value { get; set; }
        public string memory { get; set; }
        public string utilisation { get; set; }
    }

    public class Imu : SensorComponents
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Lidar : SensorComponents
    {
        public string status { get; set; }
    }

    public class Root
    {
        public Dex dex { get; set; }
    }

    public class SensorComponents
    {
        public string name { get; set;}
        public string status { get; set;}
    }
}

思路1：使用类列表（基于抽象基类） #

既然已经让传感器类继承SensorComponents，可以直接创建List<SensorComponents>存储所有传感器实例，遍历列表检查状态即可。注意给每个传感器设置正确名称，避免输出错误。

示例代码：

// 假设已完成JSON反序列化得到Root实例
Root root = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Root>>(jsonString)[0];

// 构建传感器列表
List<SensorComponents> sensors = new List<SensorComponents>
{
    root.dex.lidar,
    root.dex.imu,
    root.dex.camera1,
    root.dex.camera2,
    root.dex.camera3,
    root.dex.camera4
};

// 给每个传感器设置名称（或在构造函数中初始化）
root.dex.lidar.name = "lidar";
root.dex.imu.name = "imu";
root.dex.camera1.name = "camera1";
root.dex.camera2.name = "camera2";
root.dex.camera3.name = "camera3";
root.dex.camera4.name = "camera4";

// 遍历检查状态
foreach (var sensor in sensors)
{
    if (sensor.status != "good")
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{sensor.name} not good");
    }
}

更优雅的方式是在传感器类构造函数中初始化名称：

public class Lidar : SensorComponents
{
    public Lidar()
    {
        name = "lidar";
    }
}

思路2：遍历Root类的属性（利用反射） #

通过反射遍历Dex类的属性，筛选出继承自SensorComponents的对象，或包含status属性的对象，检查状态并使用属性名作为传感器名称。

示例代码：

Root root = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Root>>(jsonString)[0];
Dex dex = root.dex;

// 获取Dex类的所有属性
var properties = typeof(Dex).GetProperties();

foreach (var prop in properties)
{
    var value = prop.GetValue(dex);
    if (value == null) continue;

    // 处理传感器类型
    if (value is SensorComponents sensor)
    {
        string sensorName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(sensor.name) ? prop.Name : sensor.name;
        if (sensor.status != "good")
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{sensorName} not good");
        }
    }
    // 额外处理Battery、Cpu、Gpu等非传感器但有status的类（按需选择）
    else
    {
        var statusProp = value.GetType().GetProperty("status");
        if (statusProp != null)
        {
            string status = statusProp.GetValue(value) as string;
            if (status != null && status != "good")
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{prop.Name} not good");
            }
        }
    }
}

注意事项 #

• 反射方式灵活但性能略低，适合实例数量少、场景固定的情况；
• SensorComponents已包含status属性，传感器子类无需重复定义，否则会覆盖基类属性；
• 示例使用Newtonsoft.Json反序列化，需确保项目已安装对应NuGet包。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ycyc