如何用Python提取API返回JSON中records数组元素为独立JSON对象

执行GET API调用后得到如下返回结果：

{
    "limit": 1000,
    "offset": 0,
    "records": [{
        "associatedItems": [{
            "id": "rk:db",
            "name": "rk:db",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "USER"
        }],
        "category": "group management",
        "created": "2022-10-13T17:44:01.633+0000",
        "eventSource": "",
        "id": 42914,
        "objectItem": {
            "name": "system-administrators",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "GROUP"
        },
        "summary": "User added to group"
    }, {
        "associatedItems": [{
            "id": "rk:da",
            "name": "rk:da",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "USER"
        }],
        "category": "group management",
        "created": "2022-10-13T17:44:01.610+0000",
        "eventSource": "",
        "id": 42913,
        "objectItem": {
            "name": "site-admins",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "GROUP"
        }
    }],
    "total": 492
}

需要从返回结果的records数组中提取每个元素，生成独立的JSON对象，例如第一个元素对应的JSON对象如下：

{
    "associatedItems": [{
        "id": "rk:db",
        "name": "rk:db",
        "parentId": "10000",
        "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
        "typeName": "USER"
    }],
    "category": "group management",
    "created": "2022-10-13T17:44:01.633+0000",
    "eventSource": "",
    "id": 42914,
    "objectItem": {
        "name": "system-administrators",
        "parentId": "10000",
        "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
        "typeName": "GROUP"
    },
    "summary": "User added to group"
}

希望用Python实现这个处理逻辑。

可以借助Python内置的json模块完成解析和提取操作，具体代码如下：

import json

# 假设api_response是从GET请求获取到的原始JSON字符串
api_response = '''
{
    "limit": 1000,
    "offset": 0,
    "records": [{
        "associatedItems": [{
            "id": "rk:db",
            "name": "rk:db",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "USER"
        }],
        "category": "group management",
        "created": "2022-10-13T17:44:01.633+0000",
        "eventSource": "",
        "id": 42914,
        "objectItem": {
            "name": "system-administrators",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "GROUP"
        },
        "summary": "User added to group"
    }, {
        "associatedItems": [{
            "id": "rk:da",
            "name": "rk:da",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "USER"
        }],
        "category": "group management",
        "created": "2022-10-13T17:44:01.610+0000",
        "eventSource": "",
        "id": 42913,
        "objectItem": {
            "name": "site-admins",
            "parentId": "10000",
            "parentName": "com.atlassian.crowd.directory.IdentityPlatformRemoteDirectory",
            "typeName": "GROUP"
        }
    }],
    "total": 492
}
'''

# 解析JSON字符串为Python字典
data = json.loads(api_response)

# 提取records数组中的每个元素
individual_records = data.get('records', [])

# 遍历输出每个独立的JSON对象
for idx, record in enumerate(individual_records, start=1):
    print(f"JSON Object #{idx}")
    print(json.dumps(record, indent=4))
    print("-" * 50)

代码说明 #

1. 解析JSON：使用json.loads()将API返回的JSON字符串转换为Python字典，便于后续操作。
2. 提取记录：通过字典的get()方法获取records数组，即使键不存在也会返回空列表，避免报错。
3. 输出独立对象：遍历records数组，用json.dumps()将每个元素重新格式化为带缩进的JSON字符串，提升可读性。

如果API响应是通过网络请求获取的（比如使用requests库），可以直接使用响应的json()结果进行处理，示例如下：

import requests
import json

response = requests.get("你的API地址")
data = response.json()
individual_records = data.get('records', [])

# 后续处理同上

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者anengelsen