新Win10电脑上VSCode Remote-SSH无法连接服务器的问题

Hey there, I see you're hitting two super common SSH pitfalls here. Let's break this down step by step to get your VSCode Remote-SSH working smoothly:

1. First, Fix the IdentityFile Mistake #

You made an easy-to-miss error here: the IdentityFile in your VSCode config should point to your private key, not the public (.pub) file. Public keys are only meant to live on the server in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys—your local machine uses the private key to authenticate itself to the server.

Open your VSCode Remote-SSH config file (usually located at C:\Users\YourUsername\.ssh\config) and update the IdentityFile line to target your private key (no .pub suffix):

IdentityFile C:/Users/MyDir/.ssh/pub_rsa

You can use forward slashes / or double backslashes \\ for the path—either works, just make sure it's pointing to the non-.pub private key file.

2. Fix Permissions on Your Windows .ssh Directory & Private Key #

This is the biggest gotcha for Windows SSH users: OpenSSH (which VSCode relies on under the hood) rejects private keys with overly open permissions as a security precaution. You need to lock down both your .ssh folder and the private key so only your user account has access.

Step-by-step permission setup: #

• Right-click your .ssh folder → Properties → Security tab → Click Advanced
• Next to "Inheritance", click Disable Inheritance → Choose "Convert inherited permissions into explicit permissions on this object"
• Delete all user groups/accounts except your own (e.g., DESKTOP-XXXX\YourUsername), leaving only your user with "Full Control" permissions
• Repeat this exact process for your private key file (pub_rsa): Right-click → Properties → Security → Advanced, remove all other users so only you can read/write to the file

3. Verify the Fix #

First, double-check that your command-line SSH still works with the private key to rule out server-side issues:

ssh -i C:/Users/MyDir/.ssh/pub_rsa -p 22 username@server.com

If that logs you in without a password, fire up VSCode and try the Remote-SSH connection again—it should work now.

Extra Troubleshooting (If It's Still Broken) #

• Make sure your VSCode Remote-SSH extension is up to date—old versions can have weird compatibility bugs
• Open VSCode's Output panel (Ctrl+Shift+U), select "Remote-SSH" from the dropdown, and check the logs for detailed errors (like typos in the path or SSH agent conflicts)
• Double-check server-side permissions: Ensure your ~/.ssh directory is set to 700 and ~/.ssh/authorized_keys is 600 (you already set the file to 600, just confirm the folder):

chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jonas__G