导入matplotlib时报'int()参数必须为字符串'错误求助

错误详情 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "G:\onedrive\OneDrive - mail.dlut.edu.cn\PyCharm\shock wave\P6.py", line 7, in <module>
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 2230, in <module>
    switch_backend(rcParams["backend"])
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py", line 672, in __getitem__
    plt.switch_backend(rcsetup._auto_backend_sentinel)
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 247, in switch_backend
    switch_backend(candidate)
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 267, in switch_backend
    class backend_mod(matplotlib.backend_bases._Backend):
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 268, in backend_mod
    locals().update(vars(importlib.import_module(backend_name)))
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qtagg.py", line 12, in <module>
    from .backend_qt import (
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt.py", line 73, in <module>
    _MODIFIER_KEYS = [
  File "D:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt.py", line 74, in <listcomp>
    (_to_int(getattr(_enum("QtCore.Qt.KeyboardModifier"), mod)),
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'KeyboardModifier'

Process finished with exit code 1

解决方法 #

这是matplotlib与PyQt版本不兼容导致的问题，可通过以下方式解决：

• 升级matplotlib到兼容版本
  打开Anaconda Prompt，执行命令：

  conda install matplotlib --upgrade
  

• 更换matplotlib后端（无需升级）
  在代码开头添加两行，指定非Qt的后端，比如TkAgg（支持界面显示）或Agg（仅用于生成图片文件）：

  import matplotlib
  matplotlib.use('TkAgg')  # 替换成'Agg'可用于无界面环境
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  

• 升级PyQt版本
  在Anaconda Prompt执行：

  conda install pyqt --upgrade
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者loverchun