如何在Spring中启用WS-Addressing以识别ReplyTo头？

核心原因说明 #

@javax.xml.ws.soap.Addressing是JAX-WS规范的注解，而Spring Web Services（Spring-WS）是独立的框架，并不兼容该注解，所以添加后无法生效。必须使用Spring-WS原生的WS-Addressing处理机制。

1. 启用WS-Addressing支持，解决mustUnderstand报错 #

通过注册Spring-WS自带的WsAddressingInterceptor拦截器，来处理WS-Addressing头，包括mustUnderstand=true的情况。

方式一：直接注册拦截器Bean #

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.addressing.server.WsAddressingInterceptor;

@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {

    @Bean
    public WsAddressingInterceptor wsAddressingInterceptor() {
        WsAddressingInterceptor interceptor = new WsAddressingInterceptor();
        interceptor.setMustUnderstand(true); // 开启mustUnderstand头处理
        return interceptor;
    }
}

方式二：通过WsConfigurer添加到拦截器链 #

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.ws.config.annotation.EnableWs;
import org.springframework.ws.config.annotation.WsConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.addressing.server.WsAddressingInterceptor;
import java.util.List;

@EnableWs
@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig extends WsConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(List<EndpointInterceptor> interceptors) {
        interceptors.add(new WsAddressingInterceptor());
        super.addInterceptors(interceptors);
    }
}

2. 实现异步响应（返回202并发送到ReplyTo端点） #

要返回202 Accepted并将响应异步发送到ReplyTo指定地址，需要分三步操作：

2.1 提取ReplyTo地址 #

在@Endpoint方法中，通过MessageContext提取WS-Addressing的ReplyTo端点信息：

import org.springframework.ws.context.MessageContext;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.addressing.server.AddressingUtils;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.addressing.core.EndpointReference;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.Endpoint;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.PayloadRoot;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

@Endpoint
public class BusinessEndpoint {

    private final RequestProcessor requestProcessor;

    public BusinessEndpoint(RequestProcessor requestProcessor) {
        this.requestProcessor = requestProcessor;
    }

    @PayloadRoot(namespace = "http://your-custom-namespace.com", localPart = "BusinessRequest")
    public void handleRequest(BusinessRequest request, MessageContext messageContext) {
        // 提取ReplyTo地址
        EndpointReference replyTo = AddressingUtils.getReplyTo(messageContext);
        
        // 异步处理请求并发送响应
        requestProcessor.processAndSendAsync(request, replyTo);
        
        // 设置响应状态为202 Accepted
        messageContext.getResponse().setStatus(HttpStatus.SC_ACCEPTED);
    }
}

2.2 异步处理并发送响应 #

使用@Async实现异步任务，并通过WebServiceTemplate发送响应到ReplyTo地址：

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.ws.client.core.WebServiceTemplate;
import org.springframework.ws.soap.addressing.core.EndpointReference;

@Component
public class RequestProcessor {

    private final WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate;

    public RequestProcessor(WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate) {
        this.webServiceTemplate = webServiceTemplate;
    }

    @Async
    public void processAndSendAsync(BusinessRequest request, EndpointReference replyTo) {
        // 模拟业务处理逻辑（替换为实际业务代码）
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }

        // 构建响应对象
        BusinessResponse response = new BusinessResponse();
        response.setResult("Request processed successfully");

        // 发送响应到ReplyTo指定地址
        webServiceTemplate.setDefaultUri(replyTo.getAddress().toString());
        webServiceTemplate.marshalSendAndReceive(response);
    }
}

2.3 启用异步支持 #

在Spring Boot主类上添加@EnableAsync注解，开启异步任务能力：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplication
public class WebServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3. 依赖确认 #

确保项目依赖中包含spring-boot-starter-webservices（Spring Boot默认已集成，无需额外添加）：

<!-- Maven依赖示例 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webservices</artifactId>
</dependency>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Marinos An