Pycord使用Cogs组织命令报错：Extension 'cogs.Fun'无setup函数

问题描述 #

将单文件Discord机器人重构为Cogs结构后，反复触发错误：Extension 'cogs.Fun' has no 'setup' function，已尝试调整setup函数缩进、添加await，问题仍未解决。

相关代码 #

主文件代码 #

import discord
from discord.ext import commands
from discord import Intents
import os
import asyncio

intents = Intents.all()
intents.members = True

bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix='$', intents=intents)

@bot.event
async def on_ready():
    print('We Have logged in as {0.user}'.format(bot))

async def load():
    for filename in os.listdir('./cogs'):
        if filename.endswith('.py'):
            bot.load_extension(f"cogs.{filename[:-3]}")

async def main():
    await load()
    await bot.start(TOKEN)

asyncio.run(main())

原Fun.py Cog代码 #

import discord
from discord.ext import commands
from discord import Intents

intents = Intents.all()
intents.members = True

bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix='$', intents=intents)

class Fun(commands.Cog):
    def __init__(self, bot):
        self.bot = bot
    @commands.command()
    async def ping(self, ctx):
        await ctx.send('Pong')

def setup(bot):
    bot.add_cog(Fun(bot))

完整报错信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "e:\HypePartyBOT\test5.py", line 29, in <module>
    asyncio.run(main())
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\asyncio\runners.py", line 44, in run
    return loop.run_until_complete(main)
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 646, in run_until_complete
    return future.result()
  File "e:\HypePartyBOT\test5.py", line 26, in main
    await load()
  File "e:\HypePartyBOT\test5.py", line 23, in load
    bot.load_extension(f"cogs.{filename[:-3]}")
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\discord\cog.py", line 893, in load_extension
    self._load_from_module_spec(spec, name)
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\discord\cog.py", line 766, in _load_from_module_spec
    raise errors.NoEntryPointError(key)
discord.errors.NoEntryPointError: Extension 'cogs.Fun' has no 'setup' function.

解决方法 #

错误根源在于Cog文件中不必要地重复创建了Bot实例，这会干扰Discord.py对setup函数的识别。修改Fun.py代码，移除多余的Bot实例定义：

修改后的Fun.py代码 #

import discord
from discord.ext import commands

class Fun(commands.Cog):
    def __init__(self, bot):
        self.bot = bot

    @commands.command()
    async def ping(self, ctx):
        await ctx.send('Pong')

def setup(bot):
    bot.add_cog(Fun(bot))

说明 #

• Cog的作用是将命令模块化，不需要自行创建Bot实例，setup函数会自动接收主文件中创建的Bot实例作为参数，完成Cog的绑定。
• 确保主文件所在目录下存在cogs文件夹，且Fun.py位于该文件夹内，路径匹配主文件中的加载逻辑。
• 主文件代码无需修改，仅需替换TOKEN为你的机器人令牌。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Hic