Python迭代解析JSON时如何过滤相似名称的英超赛事

问题 #

我写了一段Python代码用来迭代解析JSON API返回的赛事数据，目标只筛选英超（Premier League）赛事，但有些赛事名称类似，比如Premier League 2 (Division 2)和Premier League Cup，导致这些非目标赛事也被纳入结果了。

现有代码：

for event_data in data['events']:
    if event_data['path'][1]['name'] == 'England' and 'Premier League' in event_data['path'][2]['name'] and 'MATCH' in event_data['tags']:
        competition = event_data['group']
        competition_id = event_data['groupId']
        event_id = event_data['id']
        event_name = event_data['name']
        home_team = event_data['homeName']
        away_team = event_data['awayName']
        event_start = event_data['start']
        event_status = event_data['state']

        print(f'{competition} {competition_id} {event_id} {event_name} {event_start} {event_status} {home_team} {away_team}')

代码输出里前两行是不需要的非目标赛事：

Premier League 2 (Division 2) 2000096352 1019103797 Nottingham Forest U21 - Stoke City Reserves 2022-10-17T18:00:00Z NOT_STARTED Nottingham Forest U21 Stoke City Reserves
Premier League Cup 2000099592 1019095920 Middlesbrough U21 - West Bromwich Reserves 2022-10-17T17:00:00Z NOT_STARTED Middlesbrough U21 West Bromwich Reserves
Premier League 1000094985 1018752216 Brighton & Hove Albion - Nottingham Forest 2022-10-18T18:30:00Z NOT_STARTED Brighton & Hove Albion Nottingham Forest
...（其余有效输出省略）

相关JSON结构特征：

• 英超赛事的path[2]['name']严格等于Premier League，groupId为1000094985
• 非目标赛事的path[2]['name']包含额外后缀（如2 (Division 2)、Cup），且groupId与英超不同

现在需要过滤掉这两类非目标赛事。

解决方案 #

可以通过以下几种可靠方式实现精准筛选：

方法1：精确匹配赛事名称 #

将原有的包含判断改为精确匹配，直接判断path[2]['name']是否等于Premier League，彻底排除所有带后缀的类似赛事：

for event_data in data['events']:
    # 修改为精确匹配赛事名称
    if event_data['path'][1]['name'] == 'England' and event_data['path'][2]['name'] == 'Premier League' and 'MATCH' in event_data['tags']:
        competition = event_data['group']
        competition_id = event_data['groupId']
        event_id = event_data['id']
        event_name = event_data['name']
        home_team = event_data['homeName']
        away_team = event_data['awayName']
        event_start = event_data['start']
        event_status = event_data['state']

        print(f'{competition} {competition_id} {event_id} {event_name} {event_start} {event_status} {home_team} {away_team}')

方法2：通过groupId过滤 #

利用英超固定的groupId（1000094985）进行筛选，这种方式比名称匹配更稳定，避免赛事名称变更导致的筛选失效：

for event_data in data['events']:
    # 添加groupId精确匹配条件
    if event_data['path'][1]['name'] == 'England' and event_data['groupId'] == 1000094985 and 'MATCH' in event_data['tags']:
        competition = event_data['group']
        competition_id = event_data['groupId']
        event_id = event_data['id']
        event_name = event_data['name']
        home_team = event_data['homeName']
        away_team = event_data['awayName']
        event_start = event_data['start']
        event_status = event_data['state']

        print(f'{competition} {competition_id} {event_id} {event_name} {event_start} {event_status} {home_team} {away_team}')

注：如果之前用groupId过滤遇到整数类型问题，检查API返回的groupId是否为字符串类型，若是则将判断改为event_data['groupId'] == '1000094985'。

方法3：排除特定关键词 #

如果需要保留其他包含Premier League的赛事，仅排除这两类，可以添加排除条件：

for event_data in data['events']:
    comp_name = event_data['path'][2]['name']
    # 排除带"2"或"Cup"的赛事
    if (event_data['path'][1]['name'] == 'England' 
        and 'Premier League' in comp_name 
        and '2' not in comp_name 
        and 'Cup' not in comp_name
        and 'MATCH' in event_data['tags']):
        competition = event_data['group']
        competition_id = event_data['groupId']
        event_id = event_data['id']
        event_name = event_data['name']
        home_team = event_data['homeName']
        away_team = event_data['awayName']
        event_start = event_data['start']
        event_status = event_data['state']

        print(f'{competition} {competition_id} {event_id} {event_name} {event_start} {event_status} {home_team} {away_team}')

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者DrewS