本地环境变量无法传递至VS Code开发容器问题排查

使用Docker Compose配置的VS Code开发容器启动时，本地机器设置的目标环境变量无法传递到容器内，尽管docker-compose.yml和devcontainer.json均已配置允许传递本地环境变量。

相关文件 #

devcontainer.json #

{
  "remoteEnv": {
      "MYVAR": "${localEnv:MYVAR}"
  },
  "containerEnv": {
    "MYVAR": "${localEnv:MYVAR}"
  },
  "customizations": {
    "vscode": {
      "extensions": [
        "ms-python.python",
        "ms-python.vscode-pylance"
      ],
      "settings": {
        "#terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.linux#": "/bin/bash",
        "python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/usr/local/bin/python",
        "python.formatting.autopep8Path": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/autopep8",
        "python.formatting.blackPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/black",
        "python.formatting.yapfPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/yapf",
        "python.linting.banditPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/bandit",
        "python.linting.enabled": true,
        "python.linting.flake8Path": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/flake8",
        "python.linting.mypyPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/mypy",
        "python.linting.pycodestylePath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pycodestyle",
        "python.linting.pydocstylePath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pydocstyle",
        "python.linting.pylintEnabled": true,
        "python.linting.pylintPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pylint"
      }
    }
  },
  "dockerComposeFile": "docker-compose.yml",
  "features": {
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-from-docker:1": {
      "version": "latest"
    },
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/github-cli:1": {
      "version": "latest"
    }
  },
  "name": "Development",
  "service": "dev",
  "shutdownAction": "stopCompose",
  "workspaceFolder": "/workspace"
}

docker-compose.yml #

（已移除其他服务以简化内容）

version: '3.8'
services:
  dev:
    image: python:3.9-slim-buster
    container_name: dev
    volumes:
    - /usr/bin/docker:/usr/bin/docker
    - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
    - ../:/workspace
    entrypoint: [/bin/bash, ./.devcontainer/entrypoint.sh]
    command: sleep infinity
    environment:
    - MYVAR=${MYVAR}
    networks:
      custom_network:

networks:
  custom_network:
    name: custom_network
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      driver: default

entrypoint.sh #

（仅保留相关代码）

#!/bin/bash

exec "$@"

操作步骤 #

• 在本地VS Code终端执行export MYVAR=foo导出环境变量
• 运行VS Code扩展命令：Dev Containers: Rebuild and Reopen in Container
• 在开发容器的shell中执行echo $MYVAR，结果为空

已尝试方案 #

• 移除devcontainer.json中的remoteEnv和containerEnv配置，问题未解决
• 按照VS Code官方文档要求，已勾选「终端 > 集成：继承环境变量」选项
• 操作前删除已停止的开发容器，结果依旧

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Marshallm