无法通过pip安装sh模块与buildozer模块的问题排查及解决请求

问题概述 #

在Windows系统中执行pip install buildozer命令时安装失败，核心原因是buildozer依赖的sh模块在导入fcntl模块时出错——Windows系统原生不支持fcntl模块，最终导致元数据生成失败。

错误日志 #

C:\Users\Administrator>pip install buildozer
 Collecting buildozer
Using cached buildozer-1.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (84 kB)
Collecting pexpect
Using cached pexpect-4.8.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (59 kB)
Collecting sh
Using cached sh-1.14.3.tar.gz (62 kB)
    Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
 error: subprocess-exited-with-error

×     python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
│     exit code: 1
╰─>   [8 lines of output]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 2, in
File "", line 34, in
File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-hg1fn8lo\sh_45a7ec2824b04794ac4fe58ef669a78f\setup.py", line 5, in
import sh
File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-hg1fn8lo\sh_45a7ec2824b04794ac4fe58ef669a78f\sh.py", line 37, in
import fcntl
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'fcntl'
[end of output]

note:    This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

×      Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─>     See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
See above for details.

当前已安装包列表 #

解决方案 #

方案一：使用WSL（推荐） #

buildozer的开发和运行环境以Linux为主，很多依赖仅支持类Unix系统，WSL可以在Windows上模拟Linux环境，从根源解决兼容性问题：

• 启用Windows的WSL功能，并安装Ubuntu等Linux发行版
• 在WSL终端内执行以下命令：

  sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  sudo apt install python3 python3-pip -y
  pip3 install buildozer
  

方案二：尝试Windows兼容的sh模块（临时方案） #

此方法仅能解决安装阶段的问题，后续buildozer运行可能仍出现其他兼容性错误：

• 先安装Windows兼容的sh替代包：

  pip install sh-win
  

• 再执行buildozer安装命令：

  pip install buildozer
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者J Raghavendra