MacOS Ventura 13.0(22A380)更新后pod init无法运行求助

问题背景 #

• 设备：2019款15英寸MacBook Pro
• 系统：macOS Ventura 13.0(22A380)
• 故障：执行pod init命令报错，无法正常工作

报错信息 #

初始执行pod init的报错 #

Ignoring ffi-1.15.3 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine ffi --version 1.15.3

/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:34:in `force_encoding': can't modify frozen String (FrozenError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:34:in `report'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:66:in `report_error'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.0.3/lib/claide/command.rb:396:in `handle_exception'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.0.3/lib/claide/command.rb:337:in `rescue in run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.0.3/lib/claide/command.rb:324:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/bin/pod:55:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/xcodeproj-1.21.0/lib/xcodeproj/project.rb:228:in `initialize_from_file': [Xcodeproj] Unknown object version (56). (RuntimeError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/xcodeproj-1.21.0/lib/xcodeproj/project.rb:113:in `open'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command/init.rb:41:in `validate!'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.0.3/lib/claide/command.rb:333:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.11.3/bin/pod:55:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'

尝试修复时的权限报错 #

执行提示命令gem pristine ffi --version 1.15.3时：

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0 directory.

执行chmod ugo+rwx /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0修改权限时：

chmod: Unable to change file mode on /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0: Operation not permitted

解决方案 #

核心原因是系统自带Ruby版本与CocoaPods版本不兼容，加上macOS系统权限限制无法修改系统Ruby目录，推荐用Ruby版本管理器重新构建环境：

步骤1：安装rbenv #

1. 通过Homebrew安装rbenv：

   brew install rbenv
   

2. 初始化rbenv到shell配置文件（zsh为例）：

   echo 'eval "$(rbenv init - zsh)"' >> ~/.zshrc
   

   （bash用户替换为~/.bash_profile）
3. 刷新终端配置：

   source ~/.zshrc
   

步骤2：安装兼容的Ruby版本 #

安装与当前系统、CocoaPods兼容的Ruby版本（如3.2.2）：

rbenv install 3.2.2
rbenv global 3.2.2

步骤3：重新安装CocoaPods #

先卸载旧版本：

sudo gem uninstall cocoapods

再用新Ruby版本安装：

gem install cocoapods

步骤4：验证功能 #

执行以下命令确认修复：

pod --version
pod init

替代方案（不推荐） #

若不想用版本管理器，可尝试用用户权限安装gem：

gem install ffi --version 1.15.3 --user-install
gem pristine ffi --version 1.15.3 --user-install
gem install cocoapods --user-install

此方法可能后续仍出现兼容性问题，优先推荐版本管理器方案。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pushpendra Kumar