JUnit5+TestContainers+@SpringBootTest集成测试：application.properties缺失

错误信息 #

org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterResolutionException: Failed to resolve parameter [solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.user.core.repository.IntegrationTestRepository integrationTestRepository] in constructor [public solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.integration.IntegrationTest(solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.user.core.repository.IntegrationTestRepository,solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.user.core.service.jpa.UserService,solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.customer.core.service.jpa.CustomerService,...shortened output....)]: Failed to load ApplicationContext

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice.Application]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/application.properties]

问题场景 #

我在做集成测试，目标是注入JPA服务/仓库，并通过TestContainers使用PostgreSQL。预期测试至少能执行到测试方法开头，但实际测试还未启动就抛出了上述application.properties相关的错误。

我使用JUnit5及正确的@Test注解，尝试过用继承而非实现接口的方式配置TestContainers，但在JUnit5下依然无效。找到的示例均基于JUnit4，没有涉及JUnit5的构造注入场景。我没有专门的测试用application.properties，只想使用默认配置，但无法通过@PropertySource(classpath...)关联配置文件。

移除implements关键字后错误依旧，推测问题可能与TestContainers无关。

相关代码 #

IntegrationTest类 #

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace= AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
public class IntegrationTest implements PostgreSQLContainerInitializer{

  private final IntegrationTestRepository integrationTestRepository;
  private final UserService userService;
  private final CustomerService customerService;
  private final ShoppingCartService shoppingCartService;
  private final ProductCatalogService productCatalogService;
  private final SupplierService supplierService;
  private final FileStoreService fileStoreService;
  private final RoleService roleService;
  private final AuditLogService auditLogService;
  private final UserPreferencesRepository userPreferencesRepository;

  @Autowired
  public IntegrationTest(
      IntegrationTestRepository integrationTestRepository,
      UserService userService,
      CustomerService customerService,
      ShoppingCartService shoppingCartService,
      ProductCatalogService productCatalogService,
      SupplierService supplierService,
      FileStoreService fileStoreService,
      RoleService roleService,
      AuditLogService auditLogService,
      UserPreferencesRepository userPreferencesRepository) {
    this.integrationTestRepository = integrationTestRepository;
    this.userService = userService;
    this.customerService = customerService;
    this.shoppingCartService = shoppingCartService;
    this.productCatalogService = productCatalogService;
    this.supplierService = supplierService;
    this.fileStoreService = fileStoreService;
    this.roleService = roleService;
    this.auditLogService = auditLogService;
    this.userPreferencesRepository = userPreferencesRepository;
  }

  @Test
  @Transactional
  public void initDataPossible() {
    // 测试方法内容
  }
}

PostgreSQLContainerInitializer接口 #

@Testcontainers
public interface PostgreSQLContainerInitializer {

  @Container
  PostgreSQLContainer<?> postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer<>("postgres:12.3");

  @DynamicPropertySource
  static void registerPgProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
    registry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgres::getJdbcUrl);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.username", postgres::getUsername);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.password", postgres::getPassword);
  }
}

Application启动类 #

package solutions.nabucco.nabuccobackendservice;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableOAuth2Client;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableOAuth2Client
public class Application {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者FireRedDev