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Mockito测试SonarQube代码覆盖率0%及测试报错问题求助

Jenkins+Mockito+SonarQube问题排查与修复

问题描述

通过Jenkins Pipeline开发了若干Mockito测试,期望通过SonarQube查看测试报告,但遇到以下问题:

  1. 测试执行报错:为避免数据库连接异常,在构建制品前添加了清理命令,但11个测试全部报错(推测CentOS机器未部署数据库),报错信息:

    [ERROR] Tests run: 11, Failures: 0, Errors: 11, Skipped: 0
    
  2. SonarQube覆盖率异常:添加测试后,SonarQube中代码覆盖率仍为0%,代码行数无变化。

当前Jenkins脚本配置

sh '  mvn sonar:sonar -Dsonar.sources=src/main/java -Dsonar.css.node=. 
-Dsonar.java.binaries=. -Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.2.2:9000/ 
-Dsonar.login=admin   -Dsonar.password=sonar -Dsonar.jacoco.reportPath=build/reports/jacoco.xml'

构建前清理命令

sh 'mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -P test-coverage'

pom.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.3</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>uk.un.ts</groupId>
    <artifactId>proj</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>achat</name>
    <description>Projet pour le module DevOps</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <jacoco.version>0.8.6</jacoco.version>
    <sonar.java.coveragePlugin>jacoco</sonar.java.coveragePlugin>
    <sonar.dynamicAnalysis>reuseReports</sonar.dynamicAnalysis>
    <sonar.jacoco.reportPath>${project.basedir}/../target/jacoco.exec</sonar.jacoco.reportPath>
    <sonar.language>java</sonar.language>
    </properties>

    <distributionManagement>
        <snapshotRepository>
            <id>nexus-snapshots</id>
            <url>http://192.168.2.2:8081/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
        </snapshotRepository>
        <repository>
            <id>nexus-releases</id>
            <url>http://192.168.2.2:8081/repository/maven-releases/ </url>
        </repository>
    </distributionManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>5.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId> 
    <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.8.6</version>
</dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
    <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>${jacoco.version}</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>jacoco-initialize</id>
            <goals>
                <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
        <execution>
            <id>jacoco-site</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>report</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven-deploy-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>default-deploy</id>
                        <phase>deploy</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>deploy</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <serverId>nexus</serverId>
                    <nexusUrl>http://192.168.2.2:8081/</nexusUrl>
                    <skipStaging>true</skipStaging>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

解决方案

一、修复测试数据库连接报错

你的Mockito测试未完全隔离数据库依赖,导致启动Spring上下文时尝试连接真实数据库。按以下方式调整:

  • Mock数据库相关Bean:在测试类中用@MockBean替换JPA Repository或DataSource,彻底避免真实数据库连接:
    @SpringBootTest
    public class ExampleTest {
        @MockBean
        private YourRepository yourRepository; // 替换为你的Repository类
    
        @Test
        public void testMethod() {
            // Mock Repository方法的返回值
            when(yourRepository.findById(anyLong())).thenReturn(Optional.of(new YourEntity()));
            // 执行测试逻辑
        }
    }
    
  • 调整Jenkins阶段顺序:如果需要跳过测试打包,确保先执行完成测试(生成覆盖率报告),再执行打包命令:
    # 先执行测试,生成Jacoco报告
    sh 'mvn clean test -P test-coverage'
    # 再打包,跳过测试
    sh 'mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip=true'
    

二、修复SonarQube覆盖率0%问题

当前配置存在路径不匹配、执行顺序错误的问题,调整如下:

  1. 统一Jacoco报告路径:
    pom.xml中sonar.jacoco.reportPath改为${project.basedir}/target/jacoco.exec,同时Jenkins脚本中移除重复的-Dsonar.jacoco.reportPath参数,或统一传正确路径:

    -Dsonar.jacoco.reportPaths=${WORKSPACE}/target/jacoco.exec
    

    注意:新版本SonarQube推荐用复数形式reportPaths而非reportPath。

  2. 修正Sonar二进制文件路径:
    将-Dsonar.java.binaries=.改为-Dsonar.java.binaries=target/classes,Sonar需要找到编译后的class文件才能计算覆盖率。

  3. 调整Jenkins执行顺序:
    必须先执行测试生成Jacoco报告,再执行Sonar扫描,否则Sonar找不到覆盖率数据:

    # 第一步:清理、执行测试、生成Jacoco报告
    sh 'mvn clean test jacoco:report -P test-coverage'
    # 第二步:Sonar扫描
    sh 'mvn sonar:sonar -Dsonar.sources=src/main/java -Dsonar.java.binaries=target/classes -Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.2.2:9000/ -Dsonar.login=admin -Dsonar.password=sonar'
    
  4. 优化pom.xml配置:

    • 移除dependencies中的jacoco-maven-plugin依赖(插件无需放在依赖中,build/plugins里的配置已足够)
    • 确保Jacoco的prepare-agent执行在test阶段(当前配置正确,无需修改)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange,提问作者Compte Gmail

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最近更新时间:2026.08.15 07:25:18