测试Python多线程时遇AttributeError：builtin_function_or_method无find属性

测试Python多线程功能时，日志输出大量冗余信息，同时触发错误：AttributeError: 'builtin_function_or_method' object has no attribute 'find'

原代码 #

import threading
import time
import logging
import time

def wait_func(time_to_wait,name):
    logging.info(f'{name} waiting..')
    time.sleep(time_to_wait)
    logging.info(f'{name} done waiting')

logging.basicConfig(format=format, level=logging.INFO)
threads = list()
for i in range(3):
    name = 't' + str(i)
    logging.info(f'starting {name}')
    x = threading.Thread(target=wait_func, args=(i*3,name))
    threads.append(x)
    x.start()

for index, thread in enumerate(threads):
    logging.info(f"Main    : before joining thread {index}.")
    thread.join()
    logging.info(f"Main    : thread {index} done")

报错信息 #

--- Logging error ---
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/logging/__init__.py", line 994, in emit
    msg = self.format(record)
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/logging/__init__.py", line 840, in format
    return fmt.format(record)
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/logging/__init__.py", line 578, in format
    if self.usesTime():
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/logging/__init__.py", line 546, in usesTime
    return self._style.usesTime()
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/logging/__init__.py", line 388, in usesTime
    return self._fmt.find(self.asctime_search) >= 0
AttributeError: 'builtin_function_or_method' object has no attribute 'find'
Call stack:
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/threading.py", line 884, in _bootstrap
    self._bootstrap_inner()
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/threading.py", line 916, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/Users/moninghoffjc/anaconda3/envs/psychopyNEW/lib/python3.6/threading.py", line 864, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "<ipython-input-18-ae212a132b6e>", line 7, in wait_func
    logging.critical(f'{name} waiting..')
Message: 't0 waiting..'
Arguments: ()

解决方法 #

1. 修复核心错误 #

报错根源是logging.basicConfig的format参数误用：你传入了Python内置函数format，而非日志格式字符串。日志模块尝试调用该函数的find方法，直接触发了属性错误。

替换成标准日志格式字符串即可，比如包含时间、线程名、日志级别和消息的格式：

logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(threadName)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)

2. 优化日志冗余 #

• 删除重复的import time语句
• 给线程显式指定名字，替代手动拼接的t0/t1/t2，日志可读性更强
• 通过格式字符串区分主线程与子线程的日志输出

修复后的完整代码 #

import threading
import time
import logging

def wait_func(time_to_wait, name):
    logging.info(f'{name} waiting..')
    time.sleep(time_to_wait)
    logging.info(f'{name} done waiting')

# 配置清晰的日志格式，包含时间、线程名、级别、消息
logging.basicConfig(
    format='%(asctime)s - %(threadName)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
    level=logging.INFO
)

threads = list()
for i in range(3):
    name = 't' + str(i)
    logging.info(f'starting {name}')
    # 显式指定线程名
    x = threading.Thread(target=wait_func, args=(i*3, name), name=name)
    threads.append(x)
    x.start()

for index, thread in enumerate(threads):
    logging.info(f"MainThread: before joining thread {index}.")
    thread.join()
    logging.info(f"MainThread: thread {index} done")

优化后效果 #

日志输出结构规整，无冗余信息，且能清晰区分各线程活动，示例输出如下：

2024-05-20 14:35:12,456 - MainThread - INFO - starting t0
2024-05-20 14:35:12,457 - t0 - INFO - t0 waiting..
2024-05-20 14:35:12,457 - MainThread - INFO - starting t1
2024-05-20 14:35:12,458 - t1 - INFO - t1 waiting..
2024-05-20 14:35:12,458 - MainThread - INFO - starting t2
2024-05-20 14:35:12,459 - t2 - INFO - t2 waiting..
2024-05-20 14:35:12,459 - MainThread - INFO - MainThread: before joining thread 0.
2024-05-20 14:35:12,459 - t0 - INFO - t0 done waiting
2024-05-20 14:35:12,460 - MainThread - INFO - MainThread: thread 0 done
...

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mae Mon