如何修复无法正常工作的Eclipse C索引器？

问题描述 #

我的Eclipse C索引器无法正常工作，.metadata/.log文件中有如下记录：

!ENTRY org.eclipse.cdt.core 1 0 2022-10-24 16:46:02.674
!MESSAGE Indexed 'eio_valto' (0 sources, 0 headers) in 0,008 sec: 0 declarations; 0 references; 0 unresolved inclusions; 0 syntax errors; 0 unresolved names (0%)

已勾选索引器设置中的「索引编辑器中打开的源文件和头文件」选项，但编辑器中打开的文件仍未被识别。该项目是通过「File --> New --> C/C++ Project」创建的C项目，使用外部Makefile构建，其他同类项目正常，仅此项目异常。完整日志如下：

!SESSION 2022-10-24 16:16:41.372 -----------------------------------------------
eclipse.buildId=4.7.3.M20180330-0640
java.version=1.8.0_172
java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
BootLoader constants: OS=win32, ARCH=x86_64, WS=win32, NL=hu_HU
Framework arguments:  -product org.eclipse.epp.package.cpp.product
Command-line arguments:  -os win32 -ws win32 -arch x86_64 -product org.eclipse.epp.package.cpp.product

!ENTRY org.eclipse.jface 2 0 2022-10-24 16:16:51.319
!MESSAGE Keybinding conflicts occurred.  They may interfere with normal accelerator operation.
!SUBENTRY 1 org.eclipse.jface 2 0 2022-10-24 16:16:51.319
!MESSAGE A conflict occurred for ALT+CTRL+T:
Binding(ALT+CTRL+T,
    ParameterizedCommand(Command(org.eclipse.search.ui.performTextSearchWorkspace,Find Text in Workspace,
        Searches the files in the workspace for specific text.,
        Category(org.eclipse.search.ui.category.search,Search,Search command category,true),
        org.eclipse.ui.internal.WorkbenchHandlerServiceHandler@407b41e6,
        ,,true),null),
    org.eclipse.ui.defaultAcceleratorConfiguration,
    org.eclipse.ui.contexts.window,hu,,system)
Binding(ALT+CTRL+T,
    ParameterizedCommand(Command(org.eclipse.tm.terminal.connector.local.command.launch,Open Local Terminal on Selection,
        ,
        Category(org.eclipse.tm.terminal.view.ui.commands.category,Terminal Commands,null,true),
        org.eclipse.ui.internal.WorkbenchHandlerServiceHandler@3291d9c2,
        ,,true),null),
    org.eclipse.ui.defaultAcceleratorConfiguration,
    org.eclipse.ui.contexts.window,,,system)

!ENTRY org.eclipse.egit.ui 2 0 2022-10-24 16:17:03.170
!MESSAGE Warning: The environment variable HOME is not set. The following directory will be used to store the Git
user global configuration and to define the default location to store repositories: 'C:\Users\mester.adam'. If this is
not correct please set the HOME environment variable and restart Eclipse. Otherwise Git for Windows and
EGit might behave differently since they see different configuration options.
This warning can be switched off on the Team > Git > Confirmations and Warnings preference page.

!ENTRY org.eclipse.epp.logging.aeri.ide 2 17 2022-10-24 16:17:07.658
!MESSAGE Server ‘org.eclipse.epp.logging.aeri.ide.server’ failed with exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Expected BEGIN_OBJECT but was STRING at line 1 column 1 path $. ; version: 2.0.7.v20170906-1327
!STACK 0
com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Expected BEGIN_OBJECT but was STRING at line 1 column 1 path $
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.read(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:224)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.fromJson(Gson.java:887)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.fromJson(Gson.java:852)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.fromJson(Gson.java:801)
    at org.eclipse.epp.internal.logging.aeri.ide.server.json.Json.deserialize(Json.java:91)
    at org.eclipse.epp.internal.logging.aeri.ide.server.mars.IO.refreshConfiguration(IO.java:66)
    at org.eclipse.epp.internal.logging.aeri.ide.server.mars.ServerConnection.startUp(ServerConnection.java:124)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractIdleService$DelegateService$1.run(AbstractIdleService.java:62)
    at com.google.common.util.concurrent.Callables$4.run(Callables.java:122)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Expected BEGIN_OBJECT but was STRING at line 1 column 1 path $
    at com.google.gson.stream.JsonReader.beginObject(JsonReader.java:385)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.read(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:213)
    ... 9 more

!ENTRY org.eclipse.launchbar.core 2 0 2022-10-24 16:17:08.381
!MESSAGE Enablement expression is missing for descriptor type org.eclipse.cdt.debug.core.coreBuildDescriptorType

!ENTRY org.eclipse.launchbar.core 2 0 2022-10-24 16:17:08.399
!MESSAGE Enablement expression is missing for config provider for org.eclipse.cdt.debug.core.coreBuildDescriptorType

!ENTRY org.eclipse.launchbar.core 2 0 2022-10-24 16:17:08.413
!MESSAGE Enablement expression is missing for config provider for org.eclipse.cdt.debug.core.coreBuildDescriptorType

!ENTRY org.eclipse.cdt.core 1 0 2022-10-24 16:19:33.058
!MESSAGE Indexed 'eio_valto' (0 sources, 0 headers) in 0,145 sec: 0 declarations; 0 references; 0 unresolved inclusions; 0 syntax errors; 0 unresolved names (0%)

!ENTRY org.eclipse.cdt.core 1 0 2022-10-24 16:37:01.920
!MESSAGE Indexed 'eio_valto' (0 sources, 0 headers) in 0,127 sec: 0 declarations; 0 references; 0 unresolved inclusions; 0 syntax errors; 0 unresolved names (0%)

!ENTRY org.eclipse.cdt.core 1 0 2022-10-24 16:37:53.391
!MESSAGE Indexed 'eio_valto' (0 sources, 0 headers) in 0,103 sec: 0 declarations; 0 references; 0 unresolved inclusions; 0 syntax errors; 0 unresolved names (0%)

解决方案 #

1. 检查项目文件关联与过滤规则 #

• 右键项目 → 「Properties」→ 「Resource」→ 「Resource Filters」，确认没有添加排除源文件/头文件的过滤规则。
• 进入「General」→ 「Content Types」，展开「Text」→ 「C Source File」/「C Header File」，确认.c/.h扩展名已被正确关联。

2. 重置索引器 #

• 右键项目 → 「Index」→ 「Rebuild」，等待索引重建完成。
• 若重建无效，右键项目 → 「Index」→ 「Clean All Indexes」，重启Eclipse后再次重建索引。

3. 调整外部Makefile项目的索引设置 #

• 右键项目 → 「Properties」→ 「C/C++ General」→ 「Indexer」：
  • 勾选「Index source files not included in the build」（需索引Makefile未包含的文件时启用）。
  • 确认「Indexer Options」中「Index editor opened files」已勾选，且无额外排除规则。
• 进入「C/C++ General」→ 「Paths and Symbols」→ 「Includes」，检查是否添加了必要的头文件路径，确保索引器能找到依赖文件。

4. 修复项目配置文件 #

• 关闭Eclipse，备份项目目录下的.cproject文件后删除，重启Eclipse让系统自动生成新配置。
• 若问题仍存在，删除工作区中该项目对应.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.cdt.core目录下的索引缓存文件，再重启Eclipse。

5. 处理环境变量问题 #

• 手动设置系统环境变量HOME为你的用户目录（如C:\Users\mester.adam），重启Eclipse后重试。
• 日志中的快捷键冲突、AERI服务错误与索引器问题无关，可忽略。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ádám Mester