M1芯片Mac上VS Code编译Azure静态Web应用C# API报错求助

在M1芯片的MacBook上通过VS Code创建Azure静态Web应用，前端基于React.js，后端API使用C# Azure Function。编译Azure Function时出现以下错误：

Metadata generation failed. Exit code: '130' Error: 'Failed to load /usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App/3.1.30/libhostpolicy.dylib, error: dlopen(/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App/3.1.30/libhostpolicy.dylib, 0x0001): tried: '/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App/3.1.30/libhostpolicy.dylib' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have (x86_64), need (arm64e)))An error occurred while loading required library libhostpolicy.dylib from [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App/3.1.30]'

已安装的.NET SDK和Runtime列表：

dotnet --list-sdks
6.0.300 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
6.0.301 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
6.0.302 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
6.0.400 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
6.0.401 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
6.0.402 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]
dotnet --list-runtimes
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.5 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.6 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.7 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.8 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.9 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.10 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.25 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.26 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.27 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.28 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.29 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.30 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.5 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.6 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.7 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.8 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.9 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.10 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

排查线索 #

• 检查项目目标框架：
  错误指向.NET Core 3.1运行时，确认项目是否误配置为依赖3.1版本，或项目文件（.csproj）中TargetFramework是否正确设置为net6.0（搭配Azure Functions v4）。

• 验证.NET 3.1运行时架构：
  执行命令file /usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App/3.1.30/libhostpolicy.dylib，查看输出是否为x86_64。M1 Mac上.NET 3.1仅支持x86_64架构，需通过Rosetta兼容运行。

• 强制指定编译架构：
  在Azure Function的.csproj文件中添加架构配置：
  若使用.NET 6，添加：

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
    <AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
    <RuntimeIdentifier>osx-arm64</RuntimeIdentifier>
  </PropertyGroup>
  

  若坚持用.NET 3.1，添加：

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
    <AzureFunctionsVersion>v3</AzureFunctionsVersion>
    <RuntimeIdentifier>osx-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>
  </PropertyGroup>
  

• 检查VS Code运行架构：
  打开VS Code→左下角设置图标→关于，查看架构字段。若为arm64，右键VS Code图标→显示简介→勾选“使用Rosetta打开”，重启后再编译。

• 清理项目缓存：
  执行dotnet clean，手动删除项目的bin和obj文件夹，再重新执行dotnet build。

• 确认Azure Functions Core Tools架构：
  执行func --version，若为x86_64版本，需通过Rosetta启动终端/VS Code运行；若使用.NET 6，可重新安装arm64版本的Core Tools。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Victor