如何将含不同子元素的两个XML文件按code字段合并为单个XML文件

问题描述 #

现有两个XML文件，二者以<code>为共同匹配字段，需将它们的记录合并——合并后的单个<record>元素需包含两个源文件的所有对应数据，按<code>值分组。

源XML文件 #

XML 1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<objects>
   <object>
      <record>
         <organization>1010</organization>
         <code>000010001</code>
         <name>A &amp; SOLICITORS</name>
         <address_1>NORTH</address_1>
         <address_2/>
         <city/>
         <postcode>NUHMAN 1</postcode>
         <state/>
         <country>IE</country>
         <vat_number/>
         <telephone_number>054456849</telephone_number>
         <fax_number>01 64964659</fax_number>
         <currency>USD</currency>
         <start_date>1990-01-01</start_date>
         <end_date>2999-12-31</end_date>
         <status>ACTIVE</status>
      </record>
      <record>
         <organization>1010</organization>
         <code>0000100004</code>
         <name>ACCUTRON LTD.</name>
         <address_1>RAZIK PARK</address_1>
         <address_2/>
         <city>LIME</city>
         <postcode>V94654X7</postcode>
         <state/>
         <country>IE</country>
         <vat_number>IE6566750H</vat_number>
         <telephone_number>353 -61 - 54614</telephone_number>
         <fax_number/>
         <currency>USD</currency>
         <start_date>1990-01-01</start_date>
         <end_date>2999-12-31</end_date>
         <status>ACTIVE</status>
      </record>
   </object>
</objects>

XML 2

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<objects>
      <record>
         <po_number>45670369</po_number>
         <po_currency>USD</po_currency>
         <po_organization>1010</po_organization>
         <code>0000156001</code>
         <name>SOFTWAREONE INC</name>
         <capture_row_type>NONE</capture_row_type>
         <source_system>SAP</source_system>
      </record>
      <record>
         <po_number>45670372</po_number>
         <po_currency>USD</po_currency>
         <po_organization>1010</po_organization>
         <code>0000156001</code>
         <name>SOFTWAREONE INC</name>
         <capture_row_type>NONE</capture_row_type>
         <source_system>SAP</source_system>
      </record>
</objects>

期望合并结果示例 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<objects>
   <object>
      <record>
         <organization>1010</organization>
         <code>000010001</code>
         <name>A &amp; SOLICITORS</name>
         <address_1>NORTH</address_1>
         <address_2/>
         <city/>
         <postcode>NUHMAN 1</postcode>
         <state/>
         <country>IE</country>
         <vat_number/>
         <telephone_number>054456849</telephone_number>
         <fax_number>01 64964659</fax_number>
         <currency>USD</currency>
         <start_date>1990-01-01</start_date>
         <end_date>2999-12-31</end_date>
         <status>ACTIVE</status>
         <po_number>45670369</po_number>
         <po_currency>USD</po_currency>
         <po_organization>1010</po_organization>
         <name>SOFTWAREONE INC</name>
         <capture_row_type>NONE</capture_row_type>
         <source_system>SAP</source_system>
      </record>
      <!-- 其他合并后的record省略 -->
   </object>
</objects>

解决方案：使用XSLT 3.0实现合并 #

以下XSLT脚本可按<code>字段分组合并两个XML的记录，保留所有字段：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="3.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
    <xsl:output method="xml" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>

    <!-- 传入第二个XML文件的路径参数 -->
    <xsl:param name="xml2-path" select="'xml2.xml'"/>
    <xsl:variable name="xml2" select="document($xml2-path)"/>

    <!-- 收集两个XML中所有的record元素 -->
    <xsl:variable name="all-records" select="/objects/object/record | $xml2/objects/record"/>

    <!-- 按code值分组并合并 -->
    <xsl:template match="/">
        <objects>
            <object>
                <xsl:for-each-group select="$all-records" group-by="code">
                    <record>
                        <!-- 复制当前分组内所有record的子元素 -->
                        <xsl:copy-of select="current-group()/*"/>
                    </record>
                </xsl:for-each-group>
            </object>
        </objects>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

使用步骤 #

1. 将上述XSLT保存为merge-xml.xsl
2. 将两个源XML文件（如命名为xml1.xml、xml2.xml）与XSLT文件放在同一目录
3. 使用支持XSLT 3.0的处理器（如Saxon）执行转换：

   java -jar saxon-he-12.4.jar -s:xml1.xml -xsl:merge-xml.xsl -o:merged.xml
   

补充说明 #

• 若同一<code>对应多条记录（如XML2中0000156001的两条记录），合并后的<record>会包含所有对应子元素
• 若某<code>仅在一个XML中存在，合并后的<record>会保留该XML的所有字段，无缺失字段生成
• 若存在同名字段（如两个XML都有<name>），合并后的<record>会保留所有同名元素，顺序与源文件中出现顺序一致

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user20345501